Metabolic Response and Other Factors Associated with Pathologic Response to NAC: Univariate and Multivariate Regression (Patients Staged and Restaged Using Same PET Scanner), Adjusted for Baseline Variables
| Response | ||||
| Factor | Univariate OR (95% CI) | P | Multivariate OR (95% CI) | P |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| Regimen | ||||
| Dual | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Triple | 4.30 (2.16–8.55) | 3.23 × 10−5 | 20.3 (4.50–91.4) | 8.84 × 10−5 |
| Log time to restaging | 69.1 (1.86–2571) | 0.022 | 0.22 (0.00–172) | 0.658 |
| Log time to surgery | 1.75 (0.41–7.44) | 0.452 | 0.70 (0.06–8.36) | 0.781 |
| PET/CT variables | ||||
| Initial/restaging PET scanner | ||||
| 1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 2 | 0.87 (0.40–1.88) | 0.718 | 0.71 (0.21–2.38) | 0.580 |
| nMR | ||||
| Negative | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| CMR | 1.93 (0.93–4.01) | 0.076 | 2.01 (0.54–7.51) | 0.300 |
| PMR | 0.45 (0.05–3.87) | 0.465 | 11.2 (0.64–197.3) | 0.098 |
| SMD | 0.27 (0.03–2.18) | 0.219 | 1.15 (0.09–14.4) | 0.911 |
| PMD | NA (NA) | NA | NA (NA) | NA |
| Reduction logSUVmax (%) | 1.04 (1.02–1.05) | 6.65 × 10−8 | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | 3.24 × 10−3 |
| Reduction avid length (%) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 9.37 × 10−8 | 1.02 (1.00–1.03) | 0.019 |
| Additional metrics in all patients (n = 202) | ||||
| Reduction MTL (%) | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) | 2.86 × 10−6 | 1.11 (1.05–1.16) | 1.16 × 10−5 |
| PERCIST (30.0%) | ||||
| CMR | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| PMR | 0.10 (0.04–0.22) | 2.24 × 10–8 | 0.08 (0.02–0.32) | 3.53 × 10−5 |
| SMD/PMD | 0.04 (0.01–0.14) | 2.18 × 10–7 | 0.06 (0.01–0.49) | 8.46 × 10−4 |
| MUNICON (35.0%) | ||||
| No response | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Response | 5.21 (2.08–13.0) | 4.22 × 10–5 | 1.63 (0.41–6.45) | 0.484 |
| Subset of patients staged using second PET/CT scanner (n = 155) | ||||
| Reduction SUVmean (%) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 2.25 × 10−8 | 1.05 (1.02–1.09) | 1.90 × 10−3 |
| Reduction SUVpeak (%) | 1.09 (1.03–1.15) | 1.91 × 10−5 | 1.04 (1.02–1.05) | 2.20 × 10−3 |
| Reduction MTV (%) | 1.44 (1.09–1.92) | 2.70 × 10−5 | 1.16 (1.07–1.25) | 0.011 |
| Reduction TGVmax (%) | 1.30 (1.12–1.52) | 5.82 × 10−3 | 2.31 (1.27–4.20) | 2.72 × 10−5 |
| Reduction TGVmean (%) | 1.23 (1.10–1.37) | 3.91 × 10−8 | 1.87 (1.20–2.90) | 2.29 × 10−5 |
CI = confidence interval; Ref = reference; mNR = metabolic nodal response; MTL = metabolic tumor length; CMR = complete metabolic response; PMR = partial metabolic response; SMD = stable metabolic disease; PMD = progressive metabolic disease; NA = not applicable.