Revised JMHWG Criteria for Diagnosis of CS (23)
Diagnosis group | Major criteria | Minor criteria |
Histologic: CS is confirmed when endomyocardial biopsy specimens demonstrate noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas with histologic or clinical diagnosis of extracardiac sarcoidosis | ||
Clinical: although endomyocardial biopsy specimens do not demonstrate noncaseating epithelioid granulomas, extracardiac sarcoidosis is diagnosed histologically or clinically and satisfies more than 2 major criteria, or 1 major criterion and 2 or more minor criteria | Advanced atrioventricular block | Abnormal electrocardiogram showing ventricular arrhythmias (multifocal or frequent premature ventricular contractions), complete right bundle branch block, axis deviation, or abnormal Q wave |
Basal thinning of interventricular septum | Abnormal echocardiography showing regional abnormal wall motion or morphologic abnormality (ventricular aneurysm, wall thickening) | |
Positive cardiac 67Ga uptake | 201Tl or 99Tc myocardial scintigraphy showing perfusion defect | |
Depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (<50%) | MR imaging showing delayed gadolinium enhancement | |
Endomyocardial biopsy showing interstitial fibrosis or more than moderate monocyte infiltration |