Study | No. of patients or scans | TP | FN | TN | FP | Sensitivity, with 95% CI | Specificity, with 95% CI | PPV and NPV, with 95% CIs | LR+ and LR−, with 95% CIs | Time of scan |
PET/CT: lymphoma | ||||||||||
Crocchiolo (22) | 27 patients | 6 | 0 | 15 | 6 | 100, 54–100 | 71, 48–88 | 0.50, 0.25–0.75; 1.00, 0.80–1.00 | 3.50, 1.78–6.88; incalculable | First year, every 4 mo; second and third year, every 6 mo; annually thereafter |
El-Galaly (23) | 52 patients | 1 | 0 | 47 | 4 | 100, 3–100* | 92, 80–97* | 0.20, 0.04–0.62; 1.00, 0.92–1.00 | 12.8, 4.98–32.7; incalculable | Half-yearly scan for first 2 y after treatment; mean 2.6 scans per patient during first 2 y |
Lee (21) | 192 patients | 9 | 3 | 162 | 18 | 75, 43–93 | 90, 84–94 | 0.33, 0.19–0.52; 0.98, 0.95–0.99 | 7.50, 4.34–13.0; 0.28, 0.10–0.74 | Variable timing and frequency |
Rhodes (24) | Variable, within 30 mo after negative posttreatment PET/CT | |||||||||
41 patients | 6 | 0 | 15 | 20 | 100, 54–100 | 43, 27–60 | 0.23, 0.11–0.42; 1.00, 0.80–1.00 | 1.75, 1.31–2.33; incalculable | (Per-patient calculation, equivocal scans considered positive) | |
6 | 0 | 28 | 7 | 100, 54–100 | 80, 63–91 | 0.46, 0.23–0.71; 1.00, 0.88–1.00 | 5.0, 2.58–9.70; incalculable | (Per-patient calculation, equivocal scans considered negative) | ||
247 scans | 18 | 1 | 154 | 74 | 95, 72–100 | 68, 61–73 | 0.20, 0.13–0.29; 0.99, 0.96–1.00 | 2.92, 2.35–3.62; 0.08, 0.01–0.53 | (Per-scan calculation, equivocal scans considered positive) | |
18 | 1 | 212 | 16 | 95, 72–100 | 93, 89–96 | 0.53, 0.37–0.69; 1.00, 0.97–1.00 | 13.5, 8.3–21.9; 0.06, 0.01–0.38 | (Per-scan calculation, equivocal scans considered negative) | ||
PET/CT: head and neck cancer | ||||||||||
Abgral (25) | 91 patients | 30 | 0 | 52 | 9 | 100, 88–100 | 85, 73–93 | 0.77, 0.62–0.87; 1.00, 0.93–1.00 | 6.78; 3.71–12.4 | One scan at mean of 11.6 mo; follow-up in 6 mo |
PET: lymphoma | ||||||||||
Hosein (27) | 34 patients | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | Every 6 mo for 3 y |
162 scans | 83, 36–97 | 64, 56–72 | ||||||||
Zinzani (26) | 421 patients | 41 | 5 | 375 | 0 | 89, 76–96 | 100, 99–100† | 1.00, 0.91–1.00; 0.99, 0.97–0.99 | Incalculable; 0.11, 0.05–0.25 | Every 6 mo first 2 y, then annually |
46 | 0 | 358 | 17 | 100, 92–100 | 95, 93–97† | 0.73, 0.61–0.82; 1.00, 0.99–1.00 | 22.1, 13.9–35.1; incalculable | |||
PET: head and neck cancer | ||||||||||
Lowe (29) | 30 patients | 16 | 0 | 13 | 1 | 100, 79–100 | 93, 64–100 | 0.94, 0.73–0.99; 1.00, 0.77–1.00 | 14, 2.12–92.6; incalculable | Once at 10 mo |
Périé (30) | 43 patients | 3 | 1 | 36 | 3 | 75, 22–99 | 92, 78–98 | 0.50, 0.19–0.81; 0.97, 0.86–1.00 | 9.75, 2.86–33.2; 0.27, 0.05–1.48 | Once at 1 y |
Salaun (31) | 30 patients | 8 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 100, 63–100 | 95, 75–100 | 0.89, 0.57–0.98; 1.00, 0.85–1.00 | 22.0, 3.24–149; incalculable | Once at mean of 21 (±13.7) mo |
PET: colorectal | ||||||||||
Selvaggi (28) | 31 patients | 4 | 0 | 26 | 1 | 100, 40–100 | 96, 79–100 | 0.80, 0.38–0.96; 1.00, 0.87–1.00 | 27.0, 3.95–184; incalculable | At 2 y, after negative body CT and MR imaging at 1 and 2 y |
Sobhani (20) | 65 patients (ITT) | ND | ND | ND | ND | 91 | 92 | ND | ND | At 9 and 15 mo |
↵* Result of first scan 6 mo after treatment.
↵† 2 × 2 table not provided in study. To estimate test accuracy we performed 2 analyses, treating inconclusive tests as negative in first row and as positive in second row.
TP = true-positive; FN = false-negative; TN = true-negative; FP = false-positive, CI = confidence interval; PPV = positive predictive value; NPV = negative predictive value; LR+ = positive likelihood ratio; LR− = negative likelihood ratio; ND = No data; ITT = intention to treat.