Characteristics and Results of Published Studies II (n = 12)
| Study | Mean age PET/CG* | Sex m/w | Intervention | Control group | Study design | Primary outcome | Results* |
| Beanlands et al. 2007 (PARR-2) (23,24) | 63/62 | PET: 184/34 | PET | Standard care | MBSD | Composite cardiovascular outcome† | Negative |
| CG: 179/33 | |||||||
| Fisher et al. 2009 (25) | 63/64 | PET: 53/45 | PET/CT | CWU | MBSD | Number of futile thoracotomies | Positive |
| CG: 49/42 | |||||||
| Herder et al. 2006 (26) | 63/65 | PET: 158/74 | PET | CWU | MBSD | Number of tests and procedures to finalize staging and to define operability | Negative |
| CG: 155/78 | |||||||
| Maziak et al. 2009 (14) | 67/66 | PET: 83/87 | PET/CT | CWU | MBSD | Correct upstaging of cancer, avoiding stage-inappropriate surgery | Positive and negative |
| CG: 83/84 | |||||||
| Picardi et al. 2007 (20) | 30/31‡ | Radiation: 45/35 | Additional radiotherapy PET-positives only | Additional radiotherapy for all patients | Enrichment | Event-free survival | Negative |
| CG: 44/36 | |||||||
| Plewnia et al. 2007 (27) | 58 | PET: 5/1 | PET/rTMS | Sham stimulation | MBSD | Reduction of symptoms (tinnitus questionnaire) | Positive |
| CG: 5/1 | |||||||
| Ruers et al. 2009 (13) | 62.6/62.9 | PET: 48/27 | PET/CT | CT | MBSD | Number of futile laparotomies§ | Positive |
| CG: 56/19 | |||||||
| Siebelink et al. 2001 (28) | 62 ± 2/63 ± 1 | PET: 40/9 | PET | SPECT | MBSD | Cardiac event-free survival | Negative |
| CG: 49/5 | |||||||
| Sobhani et al. 2008 (29) | 58.1/62.0 | No information | PET | Conventional follow-up | MBSD | Recurrence after 9 and 15 mo; OS | Negative |
| van Tinteren et al. 2002 (PLUS) (30,31), | 66/65 | PET: 69/23 | PET + CWU | CWU | MBSD | Number of futile thoracotomies | Positive |
| CG: 75/21 | |||||||
| Tsai et al. 2010 (32) | 53.4 ± 11.9 | No information | PET-guided radiotherapy | Standard radiotherapy | MBSD | Disease-free-survival and OS at 2 y after treatment | Negative |
| Viney et al. 2004 (33) | 66/68 | PET:66/25 | PET | CWU | MBSD | Number of thoracotomies | Negative |
| CG: 68/24 |
↵* Results according to authors’ conclusions.
↵† CCO = Composite cardiovascular outcome at 1 y: cardiac death, myocardial infarction, transplantation, or rehospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure.
↵‡ Median age.
↵§ Primary outcome in study protocol: disease-free survival (9 mo) and economic evaluation (9 mo); primary outcome in publication: number of futile laparotomies.
MBSD = marker-based strategy design; CG = control group; CWU = conventional work-up; rMTS = repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; OS = overall survival.