TABLE 3

Imaging Findings for Suspected Recurrence in Prostate Beds and in Lymph Nodes at Early (4.5 Minutes) and Delayed (20 Minutes) Time Points with Clinical/Pathologic Correlation

		PSA (ng/mL)	Anti-¹⁸F-FACBC uptake: early; late SUV_max			Presence of carcinoma
Patient	History	PSA (ng/mL)		Prostate bed	Lymph nodes	Presence of carcinoma	Comments
1	Subtotal prostatectomy	43.5	Focal intense: 5.8; 6.4	No uptake	Bed: positive; LN: indeterminate	Positive biopsy bed; no other follow-up
2	Brachytherapy, XRT, salvage cryotherapy	11.7	Focal moderate seminal vesicle: 4.1; 3.0	Intense: 9.6 ± 6.1; 6.3 ± 4.5 (n = 2)	Bed: indeterminate; LN: positive	No biopsy bed; PSA rising and enlarging nodes on serial CT scans
3	Brachytherapy	4.1	Diffuse mild uptake: 3.9; 2.7	Intense: 5.7; 5.3 (n = 1)^*	Bed: negative; LN: positive	Radiation-effect bed; positive laparoscopic LN sampling^*
4	Brachytherapy, XRT	1.9	Focal mild– moderate: 4.1; 3.8	No uptake	Bed: negative; LN: indeterminate	Radiation effect bed^†
5	Brachytherapy	6.8	Linear moderate central: 4.6; 3.9	No uptake^‡	Bed: negative; LN: indeterminate	Radiation effect bed^†^‡
6	Prostatectomy, salvage radiotherapy	9.5	Diffuse mild uptake: 2.8; 2.7	Intense: 10.5 ± 4.0; 12.3 ± 5.0 (n = 3)	Bed: indeterminate; LN: positive	Positive sternal biopsy, nodes enlarging on CT and PSA rising; prostate bed not biopsied^§
Mean ± SD	Malignant			5.8 (early); 6.4 (late) (n = 1)	9.4 ± 4.2 (early); 9.1 ± 5.1 (late)^‖ (n = 6)	4/4 concordance (3 had negative ¹¹¹In-capromab-pendetide)
Clinically or pathologically proven	Benign			4.2 ± 0.4 (early); 3.5 ± 0.7 (late) (n = 3)	2.8 ± 0.8 (early); 1.4 ± 0.3 (late)^‖ (n = 4)	4/4 concordance (3 had negative ¹¹¹In-capromab-pendetide)

↵* Patient 3 also had moderate fading to mild uptake in benign-appearing inguinal node (SUV_max = 3.7 early, 1.8 late) and biopsy-proven benign obturator nodal grouping (SUV_max = 3.3 early, 1.5 late).
↵† Patients 4 and 5 had subsequently decreasing PSA. Postbrachytherapy prolonged PSA bump is clinically suggested but more follow-up is needed.
↵‡ Patient 5 had moderate fading to mild uptake in 2 benign-appearing inguinal nodes (SUV_max = 2.2 and 2 early, 1.1 and 1.2 late).
↵§ Patient 6 had skeletal metastases that were also intensely positive on anti-¹⁸F-FACBC scan.
↵‖ P = 0.01 on early and delayed images.
LN = lymph nodes.