Lymphatic aplasia, hypoplasia, primary valvular insufficiency | Lymphatic hypertension, decreased contractility Secondary valvular insufficiency |
Primary decreased lymphatic contractility Obliteration or disruption of lymphatic vessels | Lymphostasis with accumulation of lymph, interstitial fluid, proteins, and glycosaminoglycans in skin and subcutaneous tissue |
| Stimulation of collagen production by fibroblasts |
| Disruption of elastic fibers and activation of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and adipocytes |
| Skin thickening, subcutaneous tissue overgrowth, and fibrosis |