Available Vectors for Different Subcellular Targets
| Vector internalized | Vector targeting nucleus | Vector noninternalized |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab anti-HER2 mAb (5) | CPP: for example, TAT (5) | Anti-CEA mAb 35A7: after transfecting cells with CEA (5,14,18) |
| mAb 425: binding EGFR and internalized | MAP (33) | (DOTA-LM3): SSTR antagonist that localizes at the cell membrane (34) |
| (anti-HER1) 125I-m225 (14,18) | PARPi: 125I-KX1 and 123I-MAPi (35,36) | |
| Membrane NAT receptor: cells transfected with NAT gene to enable active uptake of MIBG in cells (36) | IUdR: thymidine analogs that are incorporated into DNA in S phase (37) | |
| DOTATOC: SSTR agonists that localize in cytoplasm (34) | DOTATOC-NLS: SSTR agonists that localize to cellular nucleus (34); 125I-labeled Hoechst and acridine orange derivatives (38–40) | |
| F3 peptide: binds nucleolin, expressed in nuclei of normal cells but is also on membrane of some cancer cells (41) |
HER2 = human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; CPP = cell-penetrating peptides; CEA = carcinoembryonic antigen; EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor; MAP = model amphipathic peptide; LM3 = p-Cl-Phe-cyclo(D-Cys-Tyr-D-4-amino-Phe(carbamoyl)-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr-NH2 and SSTR; HER1 = human epidermal growth factor receptor 1; PARPi = poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor; KX1 = 1-(4-(iodophenyl)-8,9-dihydro-2,7,9a-triazabenzo[cd]azulen-6(7H)-one; MAPi = model amphipathic peptide inhibitor; NAT = noradrenaline transporter; MIBG = meta-iodobenzylguanidine; IUdR = 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine; SSTR = somatostatin receptor; NLS = nuclear localization sequence.