Predicting Histologic Response Using 18F-FDG PET/CT
| Study design | Patients (n) | Median age (y) | PET parameter | Time point | Histologic assessment | Histologic responder criteria | Cutoff for histologic responder | Histologic response predicted? | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prospective | 15 | 17 | SUVmax, SUVmax ratio, TBR, TBR ratio | Baseline, after NCT | Salzer-Kuntschik | Grade I–III (>90% necrosis) | TBR ratio > 0.46 | Yes | (32) |
| Prospective | 70 | 14 | SUVmax, SUVmax ratio | Baseline, after NCT | Rosen | Grade III–IV (>90% necrosis) | SUVmax (after NCT) ≤ 2, SUVmax ratio ≥ 0.6 | Yes | (25) |
| Retrospective | 40 | 15.1 | SUVmax, SUVmax ratio | Baseline, after NCT | Salzer-Kuntschik | Grade I–III (>90% necrosis) | SUVmax (after NCT) < 2.5, SUVmax ratio < 0.5 | No | (33) |
| Retrospective | 19 | 24.1 | SUVmax, SUVmax ratio, SUVmean, SUVmean ratio, MTV, MTV ratio | During NCT, after NCT | % necrosis | >90% necrosis | SUVmax (after NCT) < 2.5, MTV ratio < 0.5 | Yes | (36) |
| Prospective | 9 | 23 | SUVpeak, SUVmean | Baseline, during NCT, after NCT | % necrosis | NR | NR | Yes | (23) |
| Prospective | 27 | 17 | TBR, TBR ratio | Baseline, after NCT | Salzer-Kuntschik | Grade I–III (>90% necrosis) | TBR ratio > 0.6 | Yes | (31) |
| Retrospective | 16 | NR | Visual assessment, TBR, TBR % change | Baseline, after NCT | % necrosis | >90% necrosis | TBR (after NCT) < 1.4 | Yes | (30) |
| Prospective | 10 | 18 | SUVmean, SUVmean % change | Baseline, after NCT | Salzer-Kuntschik | Grade I–III (>90% necrosis) | NR | No | (34) |
| Retrospective | 11 | 17 | SUVmax, SUVmax ratio | Baseline, after NCT | European Osteosarcoma Intergroup trials | >90% necrosis | SUVmax (after NCT) < 2.5, SUVmax ratio > 0.5 | Yes | (27) |
| Prospective | 20 | 15 | SUVmax, SUVmax ratio, MTV, MTV ratio, TLG, TLG ratio | Baseline, during NCT, after NCT | Salzer-Kuntschik | Grade I–III (>90% necrosis) | SUVmax (after NCT) < 3, SUVmax (during NCT) < 3.2, SUVmax ratio (baseline/during) < 0.49, SUVmax ratio (baseline/after) < 0.56 | Yes | (37) |
| Prospective | 27 | 15 | SUVmax, MRV, apparent diffusion coefficient | Baseline, after NCT | Rosen | Grade III–IV (>90% necrosis) | SUVmax % change ≥ 52%, apparent diffusion coefficient % change > 13% | Yes | (35) |
| Prospective | 31 | 15 | RImax, RImean | Baseline, after NCT | Rosen | Grade III–IV (>90% necrosis) | RImean (before NCT) < 10% | Yes | (43) |
TBR = tumor to background ratio; NR = not reported; RImax = maximum retention index; RImean = mean retention index.