Key Clinical Features and Primary Pathology in Neurodegenerative Disorders
| Disease | Key clinical features | Pathology |
|---|---|---|
| AD | Progressive memory loss | β-amyloid, tau (3R,4R) |
| PD | Tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, gait disturbance | α-synuclein |
| Progressive supranuclear palsy | Motor disturbance, gaze palsy | Tau (4R) |
| Multiple-system atrophy | Autonomic dysregulation, motor disturbance | α-synuclein |
| Dementia with Lewy bodies | Memory loss, motor disturbance, hallucinations | α-synuclein |
| Chronic traumatic encephalopathy | Variable cognitive, behavioral, mood, and motor changes | Tau (3R,4R) |
| Corticobasal degeneration | Akinesia, rigidity, dystonia, disequilibrium | Astroglial plaques and tau (4R) |
| Huntington disease | Affective lability, choreiform movements, memory loss | Mutated huntingtin protein |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | Progressive loss of voluntary muscle control | TDP-43 proteinopathy (SOD1, FUS variants) |
| Down syndrome | Intellectual impairment, subsequent memory loss | β-amyloid |