18F-Fluciclovine Uptake in Nonprostatic Disease Sites: Review of Published Literature
| Site | Diagnosis | Nature | SUVmax | Additional treatment | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adrenal | Adenoma | Benign | N/A | N/A | (31) |
| Brain | Meningioma | Benign | N/A | N/A | (32) |
| Pituitary adenoma | Benign | 7.5 | Resection | (33) | |
| Oligodendroglioma | Low-grade | 6.5 | N/A | (34) | |
| Gliomas | Low/High grade | –* | –* | (8) | |
| Breast | IDC, ILC | Malignant | –* | –* | (5) |
| Gastrointestinal | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor | Malignant | 23 | Imatinib | (35) |
| Rectal carcinoid (metastatic) | Malignant | 1.9 | N/A | (36) | |
| Colorectal carcinoma | Malignant | N/A | N/A | (37) | |
| Acute appendicitis | Nonneoplastic | 5.4 | Laparoscopic appendectomy | (38) | |
| Genitourinary | Urothelial carcinoma | Malignant | N/A | (39) | |
| Penile SCC (metastatic) | Malignant | N/A | Excision | (40) | |
| Cervical SCC | Malignant | 5.1 | N/A | (41) | |
| RCC | Malignant | –* | –* | (7) | |
| Head and neck | Oropharyngeal SCC | Malignant | 10.8 | Excision, adjuvant radiation therapy | (42) |
| Warthin tumor | Benign | 7.4 | N/A | (43) | |
| Hematolymphoid | Multiple myeloma | Malignant | N/A | (44) | |
| Lymphoma | Malignant | N/A | N/A | (31) | |
| Small lymphocytic leukemia | Malignant | 11.1 | N/A | (44) | |
| Liver | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Malignant | N/A | 90Y-radioembolization | (45) |
| Lung | NSCLC - sarcomatoid differentiation | Malignant | 7.2 | N/A | (44) |
| NSCLC - adenocarcinoma | Malignant | 5.9 | Carboplatin + paclitaxel, radiation therapy | (46) | |
| Miscellaneous | Neurofibroma | Benign | N/A | N/A | (31) |
| Neuroendocrine neoplasm | Grade 1 | N/A | Somatostatin analog therapy | (47) | |
| Neuroendocrine carcinoma (metastatic) | Malignant | 7.3 | Carboplatin/etoposide | (48) | |
| Desmoid tumor | Benign | 3.3 | N/A | (49) | |
| Musculoskeletal | Melanoma (metastatic) | Malignant | 4.3 | Resection | (50) |
| Liposarcoma | Malignant | N/A | Resection | (51) | |
| Paget disease | Nonneoplastic | 4.6 | N/A | (52) | |
| Osteoid Osteoma | Benign | N/A | N/A | (37) | |
| Pancreatic | Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (metastatic) | Malignant | N/A | Gemcitabline + paclitaxel | (53) |
| Thymus | Thymoma | Benign | 7.1 | Excision | (54) |
* Planned prospective studies with 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT in nonprostate malignancies.
IDC = infiltrative ductal carcinoma; ILC = infiltrative lobular carcinoma; N/A = details not available; NSCLC = non–small cell lung carcinoma; SCC = squamous cell carcinoma.