TY - JOUR T1 - Repeatability of Radiomic Features of Brown Adipose Tissue JF - Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO - J Nucl Med DO - 10.2967/jnumed.120.248674 SP - jnumed.120.248674 AU - Aria Nazeri AU - John P Crandall AU - Tyler J Fraum AU - Richard L. Wahl Y1 - 2020/10/01 UR - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/early/2020/10/09/jnumed.120.248674.abstract N2 - The aim of this study was to assess the repeatability of activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) radiomic features. In order to decipher radiomic features that may provide useful information on BAT, the impact of reconstruction methods and imaging modality choice was also evaluated. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy adults enrolled in this study. Following a cooling procedure to activate BAT, volunteers underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission / computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) imaging. Participants underwent repeat imaging using the same imaging protocols and a similar FDG dose within 14 days. Active BAT was segmented using the BARCIST 1.0 methods. Radiomic features were extracted from each region of interest (ROI) on high definition PET (HD PET), non-HD PET, and CT images. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) was used to estimate the repeatability of the extracted radiomic features. To determine whether BAT radiomic feature repeatability correlates with BAT maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) repeatability, participants were stratified based on the relative difference in SUVmax between sessions. Non-HD PET repeatable features were clustered together using hierarchical clustering, and the normalized dynamic range (NDR) of each feature was computed to identify the most informative feature within each cluster. Results: Eighteen of the 27 volunteers had sufficient BAT activity for radiomic analysis. Sixty-six HD PET, 66 non-HD PET, and 6 CT features showed high repeatability (CCC ≥ 0.80). Feature repeatability was significantly higher for PET than for CT, but there was no statistically significant difference between HD and non-HD PET in radiomic feature repeatability. The repeatability of radiomic features extracted from each modality and reconstruction method type followed the trend in SUVmax, as participants with lower relative differences in SUVmax between initial and repeat imaging sessions had higher radiomic feature repeatability. Hierarchical clustering of the high-repeatability PET features resulted in 10 highly correlated clusters (R2 ≥ 0.95). Seven features, including SUVmax, did not cluster with any other features. Conclusion: Several clusters of highly repeatable BAT radiomic features derived from FDG PET/CT appear to provide information regarding BAT activity distinct from SUVmax. These features might be explored as quantitative imaging biomarkers of BAT activity in future studies. ER -