TY - JOUR T1 - <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT in the Diagnostic and Treatment Evaluation of Pediatric Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders JF - Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO - J Nucl Med SP - 1307 LP - 1313 DO - 10.2967/jnumed.119.239624 VL - 61 IS - 9 AU - Filipe M. Montes de Jesus AU - Andor W.J.M. Glaudemans AU - Wim J. Tissing AU - Rudi A.J.O. Dierckx AU - Stefano Rosati AU - Arjan Diepstra AU - Walter Noordzij AU - Thomas C. Kwee Y1 - 2020/09/01 UR - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/61/9/1307.abstract N2 - We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the detection of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in a pediatric population and explore its feasibility during response assessment. Methods: This retrospective study included 28 pediatric transplant recipients who underwent a total of 32 18F-FDG PET/CT scans due to clinical suspicion of PTLD within an 8-y period. Pathology reports and 2 y of follow-up were used as the reference standard. Twenty-one response assessment 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were reevaluated according to the Lugano criteria. Results: The diagnosis of PTLD was established in 14 patients (49%). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the detection of PTLD in children with a clinical suspicion of this disease were 50% (7/14), 100% (18/18), 100% (7/7), and 72% (18/25), respectively. False-negative results occurred in patients with PTLD in the Waldeyer’s ring, cervical lymph nodes, or small bowel with either nondestructive or polymorphic PTLD. Two of 5 interim 18F-FDG PET/CT scans and 3 of 9 end-of-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were false-positive. Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET/CT had good specificity and positive predictive value but low to moderate sensitivity and negative predictive value for the detection of PTLD in a 28-pediatric-patient cohort with a clinical suspicion of this disease. False-negative results were confirmed in the Waldeyer’s ring, cervical lymph nodes, and small bowel with either nondestructive or polymorphic PTLD subtypes. 18F-FDG PET/CT appears to have a limited role in the response assessment setting of pediatric PTLD, given the observed high proportions of false-positives both at interim and at end-of-treatment evaluations. ER -