@article {Chaejnumed.115.164020, author = {Sun Young Chae and Chang-Min Choi and Tae Sun Shim and Yangsoon Park and Chan-Sik Park and Hyo Sang Lee and Sang Ju Lee and Seung Jun Oh and Seog-Young Kim and Sora Baek and Norman Koglin and Andrew W. Stephens and Ludger M. Dinkelborg and Dae Hyuk Moon}, title = {Exploratory Clinical Investigation of (4S)-4-(3-18F-Fluoropropyl)-L-Glutamate Positron Emission Tomography of Inflammatory and Infectious Lesions}, elocation-id = {jnumed.115.164020}, year = {2015}, doi = {10.2967/jnumed.115.164020}, publisher = {Society of Nuclear Medicine}, abstract = {We explored system xC- transporter activity and the dection of inflammatory/infectious lesions using (4S)-4-(3-18F-fluoropropyl)-L-glutamate (18F-FSPG) positron emission tomography (PET). Methods: In ten patients with various inflammatory/infectious diseases, as many as five of the largest inflammatory lesions were selected as reference lesions. 18F-FSPG images were assessed visually and quantitatively. Expression levels of xCT, CD44, and surface markers of inflammatory cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: 18F-FSPG PET detected all reference lesions. 18F-FSPG uptake in sarcoidosis was significantly higher than that in non-sarcoidosis. The lesion-to-blood pool standardized uptake value (SUV) ratio of 18F-FSPG was comparable to that of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in sarcoidosis. In non-sarcoid lesions, however, it was significantly lower. In five with available tissue samples, the maximal SUV of 18F-FSPG and CD163 were negatively correlated ρ = -0.872, P = 0.054). Conclusion: 18-FSPG-PET may detect inflammatory lesions where activated macrophages/monocytes are present such as in sarcoidosis.}, issn = {0161-5505}, URL = {https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/early/2015/10/14/jnumed.115.164020}, eprint = {https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/early/2015/10/14/jnumed.115.164020.full.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Nuclear Medicine} }