RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Assessment of Simplified Methods for Quantification of 18F-FDHT Uptake in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 1221 OP 1227 DO 10.2967/jnumed.118.220111 VO 60 IS 9 A1 Kramer, Gerbrand M. A1 Yaqub, Maqsood A1 Vargas, Herbert A. A1 Schuit, Robert C. A1 Windhorst, Albert D. A1 van den Eertwegh, Alfonsus J.M. A1 van der Veldt, Astrid A.M. A1 Bergman, Andries M. A1 Burnazi, Eva M. A1 Lewis, Jason S. A1 Chua, Sua A1 Staton, Kevin D. A1 Beattie, Brad J. A1 Humm, John L. A1 Davis, Ian D. A1 Weickhardt, Andrew J. A1 Scott, Andrew M. A1 Morris, Michael J. A1 Hoekstra, Otto S. A1 Lammertsma, Adriaan A. YR 2019 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/60/9/1221.abstract AB 18F-fluorodihydrotestosterone (18F-FDHT) PET/CT potentially provides a noninvasive method for assessment of androgen receptor expression in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The objective of this study was to assess simplified methods for quantifying 18F-FDHT uptake in mCRPC patients and to assess effects of tumor perfusion on these 18F-FDHT uptake metrics. Methods: Seventeen mCRPC patients were included in this prospective observational multicenter study. Test and retest 30-min dynamic 18F-FDHT PET/CT scans with venous blood sampling were performed in 14 patients. In addition, arterial blood sampling and dynamic 15O-H2O scans were obtained in a subset of 6 patients. Several simplified methods were assessed: Patlak plots; SUV normalized to body weight (SUVBW), lean body mass (SUVLBM), whole blood (SUVWB), parent plasma activity concentration (SUVPP), area under the parent plasma curve (SUVAUC,PP), and area under the whole-blood input curve (SUVAUC,WB); and SUVBW corrected for sex hormone–binding globulin levels (SUVSHBG). Results were correlated with parameters derived from full pharmacokinetic 18F-FDHT and 15O-H2O. Finally, the repeatability of individual quantitative uptake metrics was assessed. Results: Eighty-seven 18F-FDHT–avid lesions were evaluated. 18F-FDHT uptake was best described by an irreversible 2-tissue-compartment model. Replacing the continuous metabolite-corrected arterial plasma input function with an image-derived input function in combination with venous sample data provided similar Ki results (R2 = 0.98). Patlak Ki and SUVAUC,PP showed an excellent correlation (R2 > 0.9). SUVBW showed a moderate correlation to Ki (R2 = 0.70, presumably due to fast 18F-FDHT metabolism. When calculating SUVSHBG, correlation to Ki improved (R2 = 0.88). The repeatability of full kinetic modeling parameters was inferior to that of simplified methods (repeatability coefficients > 36% vs. < 28%, respectively). 18F-FDHT uptake showed minimal blood flow dependency. Conclusion: 18F-FDHT kinetics in mCRPC patients are best described by an irreversible 2-tissue-compartment model with blood volume parameter. SUVAUC,PP showed a near-perfect correlation with the irreversible 2-tissue-compartment model analysis and can be used for accurate quantification of 18F-FDHT uptake in whole-body PET/CT scans. In addition, SUVSHBG could potentially be used as an even simpler method to quantify 18F-FDHT uptake when less complex scanning protocols and accuracy are required.