PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Luo, Yaping AU - Cao, Xinxin AU - Pan, Qingqing AU - Li, Jian AU - Feng, Jun AU - Li, Fang TI - <sup>68</sup>Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for Imaging of Chemokine Receptor 4 Expression in Waldenström Macroglobulinemia/Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma: Comparison to <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT AID - 10.2967/jnumed.119.226134 DP - 2019 Dec 01 TA - Journal of Nuclear Medicine PG - 1724--1729 VI - 60 IP - 12 4099 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/60/12/1724.short 4100 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/60/12/1724.full SO - J Nucl Med2019 Dec 01; 60 AB - 18F-FDG PET/CT has some limitations in the evaluation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (WM/LPL), an indolent B-cell lymphoma that primarily involves the bone marrow. Because there is a high level of chemokine receptor 4 expression in the B cells of WM/LPL patients, we performed a prospective cohort study to evaluate the performance of 68Ga-pentixafor, which targets chemokine receptor 4 in WM/LPL, and to compare it with the performance of 18F-FDG. Methods: Seventeen patients with WM/LPL were recruited. All patients underwent both 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT. A positive PET/CT result was defined as the presence of focal lesions with positive PET results or diffuse bone marrow patterns (uptake &gt; liver). The rates of positive results for PET/CT scans of bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other extramedullary involvement were statistically compared. Results: 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT had a higher rate of positive results than 18F-FDG PET/CT (100% vs. 58.8%; P = 0.023) in the recruited WM/LPL patients. The sensitivities of 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT for detecting bone marrow involvement were 94.1% and 58.8%, respectively (P = 0.077). In terms of detecting lymph node involvement, 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT had a significantly higher rate of positive results than 18F-FDG PET/CT (76.5% vs. 11.8%; P = 0.003). In addition, 68Ga-pentixafor detected more paramedullary and central nervous system involvement than 18F-FDG. Conclusion: 68Ga-pentixafor might be a promising imaging agent for the assessment of WM/LPL.