@article {Luo1724, author = {Yaping Luo and Xinxin Cao and Qingqing Pan and Jian Li and Jun Feng and Fang Li}, title = {68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for Imaging of Chemokine Receptor 4 Expression in Waldenstr{\"o}m Macroglobulinemia/Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma: Comparison to 18F-FDG PET/CT}, volume = {60}, number = {12}, pages = {1724--1729}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.2967/jnumed.119.226134}, publisher = {Society of Nuclear Medicine}, abstract = {18F-FDG PET/CT has some limitations in the evaluation of Waldenstr{\"o}m macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (WM/LPL), an indolent B-cell lymphoma that primarily involves the bone marrow. Because there is a high level of chemokine receptor 4 expression in the B cells of WM/LPL patients, we performed a prospective cohort study to evaluate the performance of 68Ga-pentixafor, which targets chemokine receptor 4 in WM/LPL, and to compare it with the performance of 18F-FDG. Methods: Seventeen patients with WM/LPL were recruited. All patients underwent both 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT. A positive PET/CT result was defined as the presence of focal lesions with positive PET results or diffuse bone marrow patterns (uptake \> liver). The rates of positive results for PET/CT scans of bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other extramedullary involvement were statistically compared. Results: 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT had a higher rate of positive results than 18F-FDG PET/CT (100\% vs. 58.8\%; P = 0.023) in the recruited WM/LPL patients. The sensitivities of 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT for detecting bone marrow involvement were 94.1\% and 58.8\%, respectively (P = 0.077). In terms of detecting lymph node involvement, 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT had a significantly higher rate of positive results than 18F-FDG PET/CT (76.5\% vs. 11.8\%; P = 0.003). In addition, 68Ga-pentixafor detected more paramedullary and central nervous system involvement than 18F-FDG. Conclusion: 68Ga-pentixafor might be a promising imaging agent for the assessment of WM/LPL.}, issn = {0161-5505}, URL = {https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/60/12/1724}, eprint = {https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/60/12/1724.full.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Nuclear Medicine} }