RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Side Effects of CXC-Chemokine Receptor 4–Directed Endoradiotherapy with Pentixather Before Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 1399 OP 1405 DO 10.2967/jnumed.118.223420 VO 60 IS 10 A1 Sabine Maurer A1 Peter Herhaus A1 Romina Lippenmeyer A1 Heribert Hänscheid A1 Malte Kircher A1 Andreas Schirbel A1 H. Carlo Maurer A1 Andreas K. Buck A1 Hans-Jürgen Wester A1 Hermann Einsele A1 Götz-Ulrich Grigoleit A1 Ulrich Keller A1 Constantin Lapa YR 2019 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/60/10/1399.abstract AB The chemokine receptor CXC-chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a transmembrane receptor involved in survival, proliferation, and dissemination of different cancers, including hematopoietic malignancies. Relapsed or refractory hematopoietic cancers are frequently resistant to conventional therapy, and novel highly active strategies are urgently needed. CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy constitutes a highly promising targeted therapeutic concept. Here, we investigated the adverse effects of this novel treatment approach. Methods: Twenty-two patients with heavily pretreated lymphoproliferative or myeloid malignancies were treated with 177Lu- or 90Y-pentixather—a CXCR4-directed therapeutic radioligand—before conventional conditioning therapy followed by autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Twenty-five CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapies were administered to those patients. Adverse events occurring between endoradiotherapy and the start of conventional conditioning therapy were retrospectively analyzed and graded for the estimation of the safety profile. Results: CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy with pentixather showed a favorable toxicity profile. As expected, the hematopoietic system was most affected, with all subjects developing cytopenias. Except for 1 acute kidney failure, grade 3, due to tumor lysis syndrome, overall nephro- and hepatotoxicity was low. Other higher-grade adverse events were either transient and resolved or easily manageable. Conclusion: Therapy with radiolabeled pentixather appears to be well tolerated and easily applicable when preceding conventional conditioning regimens for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.