RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 The Predictive Value of Early In-Treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT Response to Chemotherapy in Combination with Bevacizumab in Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 1243 OP 1248 DO 10.2967/jnumed.116.185314 VO 58 IS 8 A1 Edwin A. Usmanij A1 Tinatin Natroshvili A1 Johanna N.H. Timmer-Bonte A1 Wim J.G. Oyen A1 Miep A. van der Drift A1 Johan Bussink A1 Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei YR 2017 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/58/8/1243.abstract AB 18F-FDG PET/CT is potentially applicable to predict response to chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: In 25 patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC, 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed before treatment and after 2 wk, at the end of the second week of first cycle carboplatin–paclitaxel and bevacizumab (CPB) treatment. Patients received up to a total of 4 cycles of CPB treatment. Maintenance treatment with bevacizumab monotherapy was continued until progressive disease without significant treatment-related toxicities of first-line treatment. In the case of progressive disease, bevacizumab was combined with erlotinib. SUV corrected for lean body mass (SUL and SULpeak) were obtained. PERCIST were used for response evaluation. These semiquantitative parameters were correlated with progression-free survival and overall survival (OS). Results: Metabolic response, defined by a significant reduction in SULpeak of 30% or more after 2 wk of CPB, was predictive of progression-free survival and OS. For partial metabolic responders (n = 19), the median OS was 22.8 mo. One-year and 2-y OS were 79% and 47%, respectively. Nonmetabolic responders (n = 6) (stable metabolic disease or progressive disease) showed a median OS of 4.4 mo (1-y and 2-y OS was 33% and 0%, respectively) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET/CT after 1 treatment cycle is predictive of outcome to first-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab in patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC. This enables identification of patients at risk of treatment failure, permitting treatment alternatives such as early switch to a different therapy.