TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of Lung PET Images: Challenges and Opportunities JF - Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO - J Nucl Med SP - 201 LP - 207 DO - 10.2967/jnumed.116.184796 VL - 58 IS - 2 AU - Delphine L. Chen AU - Joseph Cheriyan AU - Edwin R. Chilvers AU - Gourab Choudhury AU - Christopher Coello AU - Martin Connell AU - Marie Fisk AU - Ashley M. Groves AU - Roger N. Gunn AU - Beverley F. Holman AU - Brian F. Hutton AU - Sarah Lee AU - William MacNee AU - Divya Mohan AU - David Parr AU - Deepak Subramanian AU - Ruth Tal-Singer AU - Kris Thielemans AU - Edwin J.R. van Beek AU - Laurence Vass AU - Jeremy W. Wellen AU - Ian Wilkinson AU - Frederick J. Wilson Y1 - 2017/02/01 UR - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/58/2/201.abstract N2 - Millions of people are affected by respiratory diseases, leading to a significant health burden globally. Because of the current insufficient knowledge of the underlying mechanisms that lead to the development and progression of respiratory diseases, treatment options remain limited. To overcome this limitation and understand the associated molecular changes, noninvasive imaging techniques such as PET and SPECT have been explored for biomarker development, with 18F-FDG PET imaging being the most studied. The quantification of pulmonary molecular imaging data remains challenging because of variations in tissue, air, blood, and water fractions within the lungs. The proportions of these components further differ depending on the lung disease. Therefore, different quantification approaches have been proposed to address these variabilities. However, no standardized approach has been developed to date. This article reviews the data evaluating 18F-FDG PET quantification approaches in lung diseases, focusing on methods to account for variations in lung components and the interpretation of the derived parameters. The diseases reviewed include acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and interstitial lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Based on review of prior literature, ongoing research, and discussions among the authors, suggested considerations are presented to assist with the interpretation of the derived parameters from these approaches and the design of future studies. ER -