RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 18F-FDG Uptake in Less Affected Lung Field Provides Prognostic Stratification in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 1899 OP 1904 DO 10.2967/jnumed.116.174946 VO 57 IS 12 A1 Nobashi, Tomomi A1 Kubo, Takeshi A1 Nakamoto, Yuji A1 Handa, Tomohiro A1 Koyasu, Sho A1 Ishimori, Takayoshi A1 Mishima, Michiaki A1 Togashi, Kaori YR 2016 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/12/1899.abstract AB This study evaluated the clinical significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), by investigating the relationships between 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters and clinical indicators and by evaluating the prognostic implications of 18F-FDG PET/CT results. Methods: Ninety patients (51 men, 39 women; mean age, 55.4 y; age range, 26–78 y) with ILD who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively analyzed. SUVmean was defined as the mean SUV of the less-affected lung field, SUVTF as adjusted SUVmean using tissue fraction (TF), and CTmean as the mean attenuation of the corresponding region of interest on high-resolution CT. SUVmean, SUVTF, and CTmean were compared in the 90 ILD patients and in 15 age- and sex-matched controls. Correlations of SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVTF, and CTmean with clinical indicators, including estimated percentage of forced vital capacity (%FVC), estimated percentage of diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (%DLco), sialylated carbohydrate antigen Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), surfactant protein D (SP-D), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and ILD-sex-age-physiology (GAP) index, were evaluated using the Spearman rank correlation test and the Tukey–Kramer test. A Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with lung transplantation-free survival. Results: SUVmean, SUVTF, and CTmean were significantly higher in ILD patients than in healthy controls, except for CTmean in patients with a nonusual interstitial pneumonia pattern. SUVmean and CTmean were significantly correlated with %FVC, %DLco, KL-6, and SP-D; SUVTF was significantly correlated with %DLco, KL-6, SP-D, and LDH; and SUVmax was weakly correlated with KL-6 and CRP. Univariate analysis showed that SUVmean, SUVTF, sex, %FVC, %DLco, KL-6, and ILD-GAP index were significantly prognostic of lung transplantation-free survival; and multivariate analysis showed that SUVmean and ILD-GAP index were independently prognostic of lung transplantation-free survival. A higher SUVmean indicated a poorer prognosis, especially in patients with moderate risk based on ILD-GAP index. Conclusion: SUVmean was significantly but moderately correlated with clinical indicators, providing independent prognostic information in patients with ILD. 18F-FDG PET/CT may be helpful for monitoring and risk stratification of ILD patients.