RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 New Fetal Dose Estimates from 18F-FDG Administered During Pregnancy: Standardization of Dose Calculations and Estimations with Voxel-Based Anthropomorphic Phantoms JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 1760 OP 1763 DO 10.2967/jnumed.116.173294 VO 57 IS 11 A1 Paolo Zanotti-Fregonara A1 Mathieu Chastan A1 Agathe Edet-Sanson A1 Ozgul Ekmekcioglu A1 Ezgi Basak Erdogan A1 Sebastien Hapdey A1 Elif Hindie A1 Michael G. Stabin YR 2016 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/11/1760.abstract AB Data from the literature show that the fetal absorbed dose from 18F-FDG administration to the pregnant mother ranges from 0.5E−2 to 4E–2 mGy/MBq. These figures were, however, obtained using different quantification techniques and with basic geometric anthropomorphic phantoms. The aim of this study was to refine the fetal dose estimates of published as well as new cases using realistic voxel-based phantoms. Methods: The 18F-FDG doses to the fetus (n = 19; 5–34 wk of pregnancy) were calculated with new voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms of the pregnant woman. The image-derived fetal time-integrated activity values were combined with those of the mothers’ organs from the International Commission on Radiological Protection publication 106 and the dynamic bladder model with a 1-h bladder-voiding interval. The dose to the uterus was used as a proxy for early pregnancy (up to 10 wk). The time-integrated activities were entered into OLINDA/EXM 1.1 to derive the dose with the classic anthropomorphic phantoms of pregnant women, then into OLINDA/EXM 2.0 to assess the dose using new voxel-based phantoms. Results: The average fetal doses (mGy/MBq) with OLINDA/EXM 2.0 were 2.5E–02 in early pregnancy, 1.3E–02 in the late part of the first trimester, 8.5E–03 in the second trimester, and 5.1E–03 in the third trimester. The differences compared with the doses calculated with OLINDA/EXM 1.1 were +7%, +70%, +35%, and −8%, respectively. Conclusion: Except in late pregnancy, the doses estimated with realistic voxelwise anthropomorphic phantoms are higher than the doses derived from old geometric phantoms. The doses remain, however, well below the threshold for any deterministic effects. Thus, pregnancy is not an absolute contraindication of a clinically justified 18F-FDG PET scan.