PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Sascha Nitsch
AU  - Oliver W. Hakenberg
AU  - Martin Heuschkel
AU  - Desiree Dräger
AU  - Guido Hildebrandt
AU  - Bernd J. Krause
AU  - Sarah M. Schwarzenböck
TI  - Evaluation of Prostate Cancer with <sup>11</sup>C- and <sup>18</sup>F-Choline PET/CT: Diagnosis and Initial Staging
AID  - 10.2967/jnumed.115.169748
DP  - 2016 Oct 01
TA  - Journal of Nuclear Medicine
PG  - 38S--42S
VI  - 57
IP  - Supplement 3
4099  - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/Supplement_3/38S.short
4100  - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/Supplement_3/38S.full
SO  - J Nucl Med2016 Oct 01; 57
AB  - Early diagnosis and adequate staging are crucial for the choice of adequate treatment in prostate cancer (PC). Morphologic and functional imaging modalities, such as CT and MRI, have had limited accuracy in the diagnosis and nodal staging of PC. Molecular PET/CT imaging with 11C- or 18F-choline–labeled derivatives is increasingly being used, but its role in the diagnosis and initial staging of PC is controversial because of limitations in sensitivity and specificity for the detection of primary PC. For T staging, functional MRI is superior to 11C- or 18F-choline PET/CT. For N staging, 11C- or 18F-choline PET/CT can provide potentially useful information that may influence treatment planning. For the detection of bone metastases, 11C- or 18F-choline PET/CT has had promising results; however, in terms of cost-effectiveness, the routine use of 11C- or 18F-choline PET/CT is still debatable. 11C- or 18F-choline PET/CT might be used in high-risk PC before radiation treatment planning, potentially affecting this planning (e.g., regarding dose escalation). This review provides an overview of the diagnostic accuracy and limitations of 11C- or 18F-choline PET/CT in the diagnosis and staging of PC.