RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Prospective Study Evaluating Na18F PET/CT in Predicting Clinical Outcomes and Survival in Advanced Prostate Cancer JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 886 OP 892 DO 10.2967/jnumed.115.166512 VO 57 IS 6 A1 Andrea B. Apolo A1 Liza Lindenberg A1 Joanna H. Shih A1 Esther Mena A1 Joseph W. Kim A1 Jong C. Park A1 Anna Alikhani A1 Yolanda Y. McKinney A1 Juanita Weaver A1 Baris Turkbey A1 Howard L. Parnes A1 Lauren V. Wood A1 Ravi A. Madan A1 James L. Gulley A1 William L. Dahut A1 Karen A. Kurdziel A1 Peter L. Choyke YR 2016 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/6/886.abstract AB This prospective pilot study evaluated the ability of Na18F PET/CT to detect and monitor bone metastases over time and its correlation with clinical outcomes and survival in advanced prostate cancer. Methods: Sixty prostate cancer patients, including 30 with and 30 without known bone metastases by conventional imaging, underwent Na18F PET/CT at baseline, 6 mo, and 12 mo. Positive lesions were verified on follow-up scans. Changes in SUVs and lesion number were correlated with prostate-specific antigen change, clinical impression, and overall survival. Results: Significant associations included the following: SUV and prostate-specific antigen percentage change at 6 mo (P = 0.014) and 12 mo (P = 0.0005); SUV maximal percentage change from baseline and clinical impression at 6 mo (P = 0.0147) and 6–12 mo (P = 0.0053); SUV change at 6 mo and overall survival (P = 0.018); number of lesions on Na18F PET/CT and clinical impression at baseline (P < 0.0001), 6 mo (P = 0.0078), and 12 mo (P = 0.0029); and number of lesions on Na18F PET/CT per patient at baseline and overall survival (P = 0.017). In an exploratory analysis, paired 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scans (99mTc-BS) were available for 35 patients at baseline, 19 at 6 mo, and 14 at 12 mo (68 scans). Malignant lesions on Na18F PET/CT (n = 57) were classified on 99mTc-BS as malignant 65% of the time, indeterminate 25% of the time, and negative 10% of the time. Additionally, 69% of paired scans showed more lesions on Na18F PET/CT than on 99mTc-BS. Conclusion: The baseline number of malignant lesions and changes in SUV on follow-up Na18F PET/CT significantly correlate with clinical impression and overall survival. Na18F PET/CT detects more bone metastases earlier than 99mTc-BS and enhances detection of new bone disease in high-risk patients.