PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Kimura, Yasuyuki AU - Ichise, Masanori AU - Ito, Hiroshi AU - Shimada, Hitoshi AU - Ikoma, Yoko AU - Seki, Chie AU - Takano, Harumasa AU - Kitamura, Soichiro AU - Shinotoh, Hitoshi AU - Kawamura, Kazunori AU - Zhang, Ming-Rong AU - Sahara, Naruhiko AU - Suhara, Tetsuya AU - Higuchi, Makoto TI - PET Quantification of Tau Pathology in Human Brain with <sup>11</sup>C-PBB3 AID - 10.2967/jnumed.115.160127 DP - 2015 Sep 01 TA - Journal of Nuclear Medicine PG - 1359--1365 VI - 56 IP - 9 4099 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/56/9/1359.short 4100 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/56/9/1359.full SO - J Nucl Med2015 Sep 01; 56 AB - Tau accumulation in the brain is a pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies. Quantitative visualization of tau pathology in humans can be a powerful method as a diagnostic aid and for monitoring potential therapeutic interventions. We established methods of PET quantification of tau pathology with 11C-PBB3 (2-((1E,3E)-4-(6-(11C-methylamino)pyridin-3-yl)buta-1,3-dienyl) benzo[d]thiazol-6-ol), considering its radiometabolite entering the brain. Methods: Seven Alzheimer disease patients and 7 healthy subjects underwent dynamic 11C-PBB3 PET scanning. Arterial blood was sampled to obtain the parent and metabolite input functions. Quantification of 11C-PBB3 binding was performed using dual-input models that take the brain metabolite activity into consideration, traditional single-input models without such considerations, and the reference tissue model (MRTMO) and standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR). The cerebellar cortex was used as the reference tissue for all methods. Results: The dual-input graphical models estimated binding parameter () stably (∼0.36 in high-binding regions). The MRTMO matched the corresponding by the dual-input graphical model (r2 = 1.00). SUVR minus 1 correlated well with MRTMO (r2 &gt; 0.97). However, BPND by the single-input models did not correlate with by the dual-input graphical model (r2 = 0.04). Conclusion: The dual-input graphical model is consistent with the reference tissue and SUVR-1, suggesting that these parameters can accurately quantify binding of 11C-PBB3 despite the entry of its radiometabolites into the brain.