%0 Journal Article %A Laurence Champion %A Florence Lerebours %A Jean-Louis Alberini %A Emmanuelle Fourme %A Eric Gontier %A Françoise Bertrand %A Myriam Wartski %T 18F-FDG PET/CT to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Prognosis in Inflammatory Breast Cancer %D 2015 %R 10.2967/jnumed.115.158287 %J Journal of Nuclear Medicine %P 1315-1321 %V 56 %N 9 %X The aim of this prospective study was to assess the predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and outcome in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) patients. Methods: Twenty-three consecutive patients (51 y ± 12.7) with newly diagnosed IBC, assessed by PET/CT at baseline (PET1), after the third course of NACT (PET2), and before surgery (PET3), were included. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to pathologic response as assessed by the Sataloff classification: pathologic complete response for complete responders (stage TA and NA or NB) and non–pathologic complete response for noncomplete responders (not stage A for tumor or not stage NA or NB for lymph nodes). In addition to maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) measurements, a global breast metabolic tumor volume (MTV) was delineated using a semiautomatic segmentation method. Changes in SUVmax and MTV between PET1 and PET2 (ΔSUV1–2; ΔMTV1–2) and PET1 and PET3 (ΔSUV1–3; ΔMTV1–3) were measured. Results: Mean SUVmax on PET1, PET2, and PET3 did not statistically differ between the 2 pathologic response groups. On receiver-operating-characteristic analysis, a 72% cutoff for ΔSUV1–3 provided the best performance to predict residual disease, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 61%, 80%, and 65%, respectively. On univariate analysis, the 72% cutoff for ΔSUV1–3 was the best predictor of distant metastasis-free survival (P = 0.05). On multivariate analysis, the 72% cutoff for ΔSUV1–3 was an independent predictor of distant metastasis-free survival (P = 0.01). Conclusion: Our results emphasize the good predictive value of change in SUVmax between baseline and before surgery to assess pathologic response and survival in IBC patients undergoing NACT. %U https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/jnumed/56/9/1315.full.pdf