RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 First-in-Human Experience of CXCR4-Directed Endoradiotherapy with 177Lu- and 90Y-Labeled Pentixather in Advanced-Stage Multiple Myeloma with Extensive Intra- and Extramedullary Disease JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 248 OP 251 DO 10.2967/jnumed.115.167361 VO 57 IS 2 A1 Ken Herrmann A1 Margret Schottelius A1 Constantin Lapa A1 Theresa Osl A1 Andreas Poschenrieder A1 Heribert Hänscheid A1 Katharina Lückerath A1 Martin Schreder A1 Christina Bluemel A1 Markus Knott A1 Ulrich Keller A1 Andreas Schirbel A1 Samuel Samnick A1 Michael Lassmann A1 Saskia Kropf A1 Andreas K. Buck A1 Hermann Einsele A1 Hans-Juergen Wester A1 Stefan Knop YR 2016 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/2/248.abstract AB Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a key factor for tumor growth and metastasis in several types of human cancer. Based on promising experiences with a radiolabeled CXCR4 ligand (68Ga-pentixafor) for diagnostic receptor targeting, 177Lu- and 90Y-pentixather were recently developed as endoradiotherapeutic vectors. Here, we summarize the first-in-human experience in 3 heavily pretreated patients with intramedullary and extensive extramedullary manifestations of multiple myeloma undergoing CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy. Methods: CXCR4 target expression was demonstrated by baseline 68Ga-pentixafor PET. Each treatment was approved by the clinical ethics committee. Pretherapeutic 177Lu-pentixather dosimetry was performed before 177Lu-pentixather or 90Y-pentixather treatment. Subsequently, patients underwent additional chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for bone marrow rescue. Results: A remarkable therapeutic effect was visualized in 2 patients, who showed a significant reduction in 18F-FDG uptake. Conclusion: CXCR4-targeted radiotherapy with pentixather appears to be a promising novel treatment option in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation, especially for patients with advanced multiple myeloma.