TY - JOUR T1 - Exploratory Clinical Investigation of (4<em>S</em>)-4-(3-<sup>18</sup>F-Fluoropropyl)-<span class="sc">l</span>-Glutamate PET of Inflammatory and Infectious Lesions JF - Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO - J Nucl Med SP - 67 LP - 69 DO - 10.2967/jnumed.115.164020 VL - 57 IS - 1 AU - Sun Young Chae AU - Chang-Min Choi AU - Tae Sun Shim AU - Yangsoon Park AU - Chan-Sik Park AU - Hyo Sang Lee AU - Sang Ju Lee AU - Seung Jun Oh AU - Seog-Young Kim AU - Sora Baek AU - Norman Koglin AU - Andrew W. Stephens AU - Ludger M. Dinkelborg AU - Dae Hyuk Moon Y1 - 2016/01/01 UR - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/1/67.abstract N2 - We explored system transporter activity and the detection of inflammatory or infectious lesions using (4S)-4-(3-18F-fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate (18F-FSPG) PET. Methods: In 10 patients with various inflammatory or infectious diseases, as many as 5 of the largest lesions were selected as reference lesions. 18F-FSPG images were assessed visually and quantitatively. Expression levels of xCT, CD44, and surface markers of inflammatory cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: 18F-FSPG PET detected all reference lesions. 18F-FSPG uptake in sarcoidosis was significantly higher than that in nonsarcoidosis. The lesion–to–blood-pool SUV ratio for 18F-FSPG was comparable to that for 18F-FDG in sarcoidosis. In nonsarcoidosis, however, it was significantly lower. In 5 patients with available tissue samples, the SUVmax for 18F-FSPG and CD163 were negatively correlated (ρ = –0.872, P = 0.054). Conclusion: 18F-FSPG PET may detect inflammatory lesions when activated macrophages or monocytes are present, such as in sarcoidosis. ER -