PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Jianhua Yu AU - Jingyan Xu AU - Yuchuan Wang AU - Bing Lian AU - James Hugg AU - Benjamin Tsui TI - Development and evaluation of quantitative multi-pinhole SPECT image reconstruction methods DP - 2011 May 01 TA - Journal of Nuclear Medicine PG - 490--490 VI - 52 IP - supplement 1 4099 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/52/supplement_1/490.short 4100 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/52/supplement_1/490.full SO - J Nucl Med2011 May 01; 52 AB - 490 Objectives The goal was to develop and evaluate quantitative image reconstruction that includes attenuation correction (AC), scatter correction (SC) and collimator-detector response (CDR) correction (CDC) for multi-pinhole (MPH) small animal (SA) SPECT. Methods In the CT-based AC, the attenuation factor (AF) from each image voxel through each pinhole to the detector at each projection angle was pre-generated using a ray-driven projector. In each 3D MPH OS-EM iteration, AF values were read from memory and applied to a voxel-driven projector/back-projector pair. SC was achieved using the conventional dual-energy window scatter subtraction method. CDC was based on modeling the distance-dependent CDR function for each pinhole. A mouse-size cylindrical phantom (MSCP) with known attenuation coefficient (μ) was simulated to verify the accuracy of the AF matrix. MPH projections w/ & w/o attenuation effect (AE) for MSCP with 3 additional spherical inserts were generated and subsequently reconstructed w/ & w/o AC, SC and CDC. We further evaluated MPH SPECT Quantitation using a digital 3D mouse whole-body (MOBY) phantom with known activity and μ distribution. Results The AF matrix showed <0.01% error except when the projection ray was tangential to MSCP surface, where 1%-5% errors were observed due to pixelation. AE reduced image intensities up to 17% in MSCP center, and the error was decreased to <±0.5% with AC. SC compensated for 8.5% overestimation due to scatter. CDC improved system resolution in FOV center from 1.0mm to 0.75mm. The quantitative analysis on MOBY with AC, SC and CDC improved activity estimation for heart, liver and kidney from -14.0%, -14.9% and -17.1% error to -1.7%, 0.2%, and -3.4% error, respectively. Conclusions Quantitative MPH SPECT image reconstruction methods were successfully developed, implemented and evaluated in a SA SPECT system. Improved image quality and quantitation were found in simulation studies which will guide experimental phantom and SA studies