PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Baba, Justin S.
AU  - Endres, Christopher J.
AU  - Foss, Catherine A.
AU  - Nimmagadda, Sridhar
AU  - Jung, Hyeyun
AU  - Goddard, James S.
AU  - Lee, Seungjoon
AU  - McKisson, John
AU  - Smith, Mark F.
AU  - Stolin, Alexander V.
AU  - Weisenberger, Andrew G.
AU  - Pomper, Martin G.
TI  - Molecular Imaging of Conscious, Unrestrained Mice with AwakeSPECT
AID  - 10.2967/jnumed.112.109090
DP  - 2013 Jun 01
TA  - Journal of Nuclear Medicine
PG  - 969--976
VI  - 54
IP  - 6
4099  - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/54/6/969.short
4100  - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/54/6/969.full
SO  - J Nucl Med2013 Jun 01; 54
AB  - We have developed a SPECT imaging system, AwakeSPECT, to enable molecular brain imaging of untrained mice that are conscious, unanesthetized, and unrestrained. We accomplished this with head tracking and motion correction techniques. Methods: The capability of the system for motion-corrected imaging was demonstrated with a 99mTc-pertechnetate phantom, 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone imaging, and measurement of the binding potential of the dopamine transporter radioligand 123I-ioflupane in mouse brain in the awake and anesthetized (isoflurane) states. Stress induced by imaging in the awake state was assessed through measurement of plasma corticosterone levels. Results: AwakeSPECT provided high-resolution bone images reminiscent of those obtained from CT. The binding potential of 123I-ioflupane in the awake state was on the order of 50% of that obtained with the animal under anesthesia, consistent with previous studies in nonhuman primates. Levels of stress induced were on the order of those seen in other behavioral tasks and imaging studies of awake animals. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the feasibility of SPECT molecular brain imaging of mice in the conscious, unrestrained state and demonstrate the effects of isoflurane anesthesia on radiotracer uptake.