RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Repeatable Noninvasive Measurement of Mouse Myocardial Glucose Uptake with 18F-FDG: Evaluation of Tracer Kinetics in a Type 1 Diabetes Model JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 1637 OP 1644 DO 10.2967/jnumed.112.110114 VO 54 IS 9 A1 Stephanie L. Thorn A1 Robert A. deKemp A1 Tyler Dumouchel A1 Ran Klein A1 Jennifer M. Renaud A1 R. Glenn Wells A1 Michael H. Gollob A1 Rob S. Beanlands A1 Jean N. DaSilva YR 2013 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/54/9/1637.abstract AB A noninvasive and repeatable method for assessing mouse myocardial glucose uptake with 18F-FDG PET and Patlak kinetic analysis was systematically assessed using the vena cava image–derived blood input function (IDIF). Methods: Contrast CT and computer modeling was used to determine the vena cava recovery coefficient. Vena cava IDIF (n = 7) was compared with the left ventricular cavity IDIF, with blood and liver activity measured ex vivo at 60 min. The test–retest repeatability (n = 9) of Patlak influx constant Ki at 10–40 min was assessed quantitatively using Bland–Altman analysis. Myocardial glucose uptake rates (rMGU) using the vena cava IDIF were calculated at baseline (n = 8), after induction of type 1 diabetes (streptozotocin [50 mg/kg] intraperitoneally, 5 d), and after acute insulin stimulation (0.08 mU/kg of body weight intraperitoneally). These changes were analyzed with a standardized uptake value calculation at 20 and 40 min after injection to correlate to the Patlak time interval. Results: The proximal mouse vena cava diameter was 2.54 ± 0.30 mm. The estimated recovery coefficient, calculated using nonlinear image reconstruction, decreased from 0.76 initially (time 0 to peak activity) to 0.61 for the duration of the scan. There was a 17% difference in the image-derived vena cava blood activity at 60 min, compared with the ex vivo blood activity measured in the γ-counter. The coefficient of variability for Patlak Ki values between mice was found to be 23% with the proposed method, compared with 51% when using the left ventricular cavity IDIF (P < 0.05). No significant bias in Ki was found between repeated scans with a coefficient of repeatability of 0.16 mL/min/g. Calculated rMGU values were reduced by 60% in type 1 diabetic mice from baseline scans (P < 0.03, ANOVA), with a subsequent increase of 40% to a level not significantly different from baseline after acute insulin treatment. These results were confirmed with a standardized uptake value measured at 20 and 40 min. Conclusion: The mouse vena cava IDIF provides repeatable assessment of the blood time–activity curve for Patlak kinetic modeling of rMGU. An expected significant reduction in myocardial glucose uptake was demonstrated in a type 1 diabetic mouse model, with significant recovery after acute insulin treatment, using a mouse vena cava IDIF approach.