PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Ferdia A. Gallagher AU - Sarah E. Bohndiek AU - Mikko I. Kettunen AU - David Y. Lewis AU - Dmitry Soloviev AU - Kevin M. Brindle TI - Hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C MRI and PET: In Vivo Tumor Biochemistry AID - 10.2967/jnumed.110.085258 DP - 2011 Sep 01 TA - Journal of Nuclear Medicine PG - 1333--1336 VI - 52 IP - 9 4099 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/52/9/1333.short 4100 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/52/9/1333.full SO - J Nucl Med2011 Sep 01; 52 AB - Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is an emerging technique for dramatically increasing the sensitivity of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). This review evaluates the potential strengths and weaknesses of DNP-enhanced 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (DNP-MRSI) as a clinical imaging technique in comparison to PET. The major advantage of MRS is chemical shift, which enables the injected molecule to be observed separately from its metabolites, whereas the major advantage of PET is its high sensitivity. Factors such as spatial and temporal resolution and potential risks and costs of the two techniques will be discussed. PET tracers and 13C-labeled molecules that can be used in oncology will be reviewed with reference to the biologic processes they detect. Because DNP-MRSI and PET are, in principle, similar techniques for assessing tumor metabolism, the experiences gained during the development of PET may help to accelerate translation of DNP-MRSI into routine patient imaging.