RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 In-Line Radiolabeling: A Novel Continuous-Flow System for Commercial-Scale Protein Labeling JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 1178 OP 1186 DO 10.2967/jnumed.108.056812 VO 50 IS 7 A1 Harris, Debra A. A1 Pellikka, Raimo A1 Gasser, Olga A1 Blaeuenstein, Peter A1 Waibel, Robert A1 Schubiger, P. August A1 King, Steven W. A1 Parseghian, Missag H. YR 2009 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/50/7/1178.abstract AB A key limitation in developing radiotherapeutic proteins is the expense of manufacturing the drug in small batches using traditional reaction vessels. Removing limitations on the quantity of protein labeled at any one time significantly decreases the cost of production, and nowhere is the need for cost-effective radiotherapeutics more acute than in the treatment of cancer. Methods: We describe a novel method that can rapidly radiolabel, theoretically, unlimited amounts of protein, without causing significant damage to binding potency or structural integrity. Our process controls the reaction rate for the isotope and reactants as they simultaneously flow through a reaction tube. Results: We have demonstrated proof of principle by labeling nearly a gram of antibody with 481 GBq (13 Ci) of 131I during a single 30-min reaction run. Conclusion: Simple to construct, our system is already used to manufacture a radiolabeled antibody, both in the United States and in India, as part of clinical trials to treat glioblastoma multiforme. Modified, this system may be also applicable for nonradioactive labeling.