@article {Caldwell234, author = {James H. Caldwell and Jeanne M. Link and Wayne C. Levy and Jeanne E. Poole and John R. Stratton}, title = {Evidence for Pre- to Postsynaptic Mismatch of the Cardiac Sympathetic Nervous System in Ischemic Congestive Heart Failure}, volume = {49}, number = {2}, pages = {234--241}, year = {2008}, doi = {10.2967/jnumed.107.044339}, publisher = {Society of Nuclear Medicine}, abstract = {Pre- and postsynaptic cardiac sympathetic function is altered in ischemic congestive heart failure (CHF). Whether there is a presynaptic-to-postsynaptic mismatch or whether mismatch is related to adverse cardiac events is unknown. Methods: In 13 patients with ischemic CHF and 25 aged-matched healthy volunteers, presynaptic function was measured by PET of 11C-meta-hydroxyephedrine (11C-mHED), a norepinephrine (NE) analog. Postsynaptic function, β-adrenergic receptor (BAR) density (B'max), was measured by imaging 11C-CGP12177. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) was measured by imaging 15O-water. Each heart was analyzed both globally and regionally, excluding infarcted regions, and a mismatch score, defined as the ratio of B'max to NE uptake (PSnt), was used to indicate mismatch of post- and presynaptic function. Results: Global and regional MBF was not different between CHF and healthy subjects. The global measure of PSnt was lower in CHF (0.32 {\textpm} 0.34) than that in healthy subjects (0.81 {\textpm} 0.33, P \< 0.0001) and in all 12 regions. Global B'max tended to be lower in CHF than that in healthy subjects (10.0 {\textpm} 6.4 pmol/mL vs. 13.4 {\textpm} 4.2, P = 0.056) and in all 12 regions. The global mismatch score (B'max:PSnt) in CHF patients was significantly greater than that in healthy subjects (50.3 {\textpm} 50.7 vs. 19.3 {\textpm} 9.7, P = 0.005) and also greater in 11 of 12 regions. After 1.5 y of follow-up, 4 individuals had an adverse outcome (CHF death, new or recurrent sudden death, or progressive CHF leading to transplantation). Three of the 4 had mismatch scores \> 3 times that of the healthy subjects or the CHF patients without an adverse outcome. Conclusion: Mismatch between pre- and postsynaptic left ventricular sympathetic function is present in patients with severe CHF and may be more marked in those with adverse outcomes.}, issn = {0161-5505}, URL = {https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/49/2/234}, eprint = {https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/49/2/234.full.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Nuclear Medicine} }