PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Gafita, Andrei AU - Djaileb, Loic AU - Rauscher, Isabel AU - Fendler, Wolfgang P. AU - Hadaschik, Boris AU - Rowe, Steven P. AU - Herrmann, Ken AU - Solnes, Lilja B. AU - Calais, Jeremie AU - Rettig, Matthew B. AU - Weber, Manuel AU - Farolfi, Andrea AU - Benz, Matthias R. AU - Eiber, Matthias TI - RECIP 1.0 Predicts Progression-Free Survival After [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA Radiopharmaceutical Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer AID - 10.2967/jnumed.123.267234 DP - 2024 Jun 01 TA - Journal of Nuclear Medicine PG - 917--922 VI - 65 IP - 6 4099 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/65/6/917.short 4100 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/65/6/917.full SO - J Nucl Med2024 Jun 01; 65 AB - Response Evaluation Criteria in Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Imaging (RECIP) 1.0 is an evidence-based framework to evaluate therapeutic efficacy in metastatic prostate cancer using prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of interim PSMA PET/CT by RECIP 1.0 with short-term outcome after radiopharmaceutical treatment. Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who underwent [177Lu]Lu-PSMA radiopharmaceutical therapy at 3 academic centers and received PSMA PET/CT at baseline and at 12 wk. Pairs of PSMA PET/CT images were assessed by 5 readers for visual RECIP 1.0. The primary outcome was the association of RECIP with prostate-specific antigen progression-free survival (PSA-PFS) by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Results: In total, 124 of 287 screened patients met the inclusion criteria, with 0 (0%), 29 (23%), 54 (44%), and 41 (33%) of those 124 patients having complete response, partial response, stable disease, or progressive disease (PD) by visual RECIP 1.0, respectively. Patients with visual RECIP PD had a significantly shorter PSA-PFS than those with RECIP stable disease or with RECIP partial response (2.6 vs. 6.4 vs. 8.4 mo; P &lt; 0.001). The median PSA-PFS among patients with RECIP PD versus those with non-RECIP PD was 2.6 versus 7.2 mo (hazard ratio, 13.0; 95% CI, 7.0–24.1; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: PSMA PET/CT by RECIP 1.0 after 2 cycles of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA is prognostic for PSA-PFS. PSMA PET/CT by RECIP 1.0 may be used in earlier stages of prostate cancer to evaluate drug efficacy and to predict progression-free survival.