RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Total-Body Multiparametric PET Quantification of 18F-FDG Delivery and Metabolism in the Study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Recovery JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO J Nucl Med FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 1821 OP 1830 DO 10.2967/jnumed.123.265723 VO 64 IS 11 A1 Wang, Yiran A1 Nardo, Lorenzo A1 Spencer, Benjamin A. A1 Abdelhafez, Yasser G. A1 Li, Elizabeth J. A1 Omidvari, Negar A1 Chaudhari, Abhijit J. A1 Badawi, Ramsey D. A1 Jones, Terry A1 Cherry, Simon R. A1 Wang, Guobao YR 2023 UL http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/64/11/1821.abstract AB Conventional whole-body static 18F-FDG PET imaging provides a semiquantitative evaluation of overall glucose metabolism without insight into the specific transport and metabolic steps. Here we demonstrate the ability of total-body multiparametric 18F-FDG PET to quantitatively evaluate glucose metabolism using macroparametric quantification and assess specific glucose delivery and phosphorylation processes using microparametric quantification for studying recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The study included 13 healthy subjects and 12 recovering COVID-19 subjects within 8 wk of confirmed diagnosis. Each subject had a 1-h dynamic 18F-FDG scan on the uEXPLORER total-body PET/CT system. Semiquantitative SUV and the SUV ratio relative to blood (SUVR) were calculated for different organs to measure glucose utilization. Tracer kinetic modeling was performed to quantify the microparametric blood-to-tissue 18F-FDG delivery rate and the phosphorylation rate k3, as well as the macroparametric 18F-FDG net influx rate (). Statistical tests were performed to examine differences between healthy subjects and recovering COVID-19 subjects. The effect of COVID-19 vaccination was also investigated. Results: We detected no significant difference in lung SUV but significantly higher lung SUVR and in COVID-19 recovery, indicating improved sensitivity of kinetic quantification for detecting the difference in glucose metabolism. A significant difference was also observed in the lungs with the phosphorylation rate k3 but not with , which suggests that glucose phosphorylation, rather than glucose delivery, drives the observed difference of glucose metabolism. Meanwhile, there was no or little difference in bone marrow 18F-FDG metabolism measured with SUV, SUVR, and but a significantly higher bone marrow in the COVID-19 group, suggesting a difference in glucose delivery. Vaccinated COVID-19 subjects had a lower lung and a higher spleen than unvaccinated COVID-19 subjects. Conclusion: Higher lung glucose metabolism and bone marrow glucose delivery were observed with total-body multiparametric 18F-FDG PET in recovering COVID-19 subjects than in healthy subjects, implying continued inflammation during recovery. Vaccination demonstrated potential protection effects. Total-body multiparametric PET of 18F-FDG can provide a more sensitive tool and more insights than conventional whole-body static 18F-FDG imaging to evaluate metabolic changes in systemic diseases such as COVID-19.