PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Bellavia, Michael C. AU - Patel, Ravi B. AU - Anderson, Carolyn J. TI - Combined Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade: From Preclinical Advances to the Clinic AID - 10.2967/jnumed.122.264373 DP - 2022 Nov 01 TA - Journal of Nuclear Medicine PG - 1636--1641 VI - 63 IP - 11 4099 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/63/11/1636.short 4100 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/63/11/1636.full SO - J Nucl Med2022 Nov 01; 63 AB - Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer care, but many patients with poorly immunogenic tumors fail to benefit. Preclinical studies have shown that external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) can synergize with ICI to prompt remarkable tumor regression and even eradication. However, EBRT is poorly suited to widely disseminated disease. Targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (TRT) selectively delivers radiation to both the primary tumor and the metastatic sites, and promising results achieved with this approach have led to regulatory approval of certain agents (e.g., 177Lu-PSMA-617/Pluvicto for metastatic prostate cancer). To further improve therapeutic outcomes, combining TRT and ICI is a burgeoning research area, both preclinically and in clinical trials. Here we introduce basic TRT radiobiology and survey emerging and clinically translated TRT agents that have been combined with ICI.