@article {Kweejnumed.122.264679, author = {Thomas Christian Kwee and Maan Almaghrabi and Robert Michael Kwee}, title = {Scientific fraud, publication bias, and honorary authorship in nuclear medicine}, elocation-id = {jnumed.122.264679}, year = {2022}, doi = {10.2967/jnumed.122.264679}, publisher = {Society of Nuclear Medicine}, abstract = {Rationale: To investigate nuclear medicine scientists{\textquoteright} experience with scientific fraud, publication bias, and honorary authorship. Methods: Corresponding authors who published an article in one of the 15 general nuclear medicine journals (according to the Journal Citation Reports) in 2021, received an invitation to participate in a survey on scientific integrity. Results: A total of 254(12.4\%) of 1,897 corresponding authors completed the survey, of whom 11 (4.3\%) admitted to have committed scientific fraud and 54 (21.3\%) reported to have witnessed or to suspect scientific fraud by someone in their department in the past 5 years. Publication bias was considered present by 222 (87.4\%) and honorary authorship practices were experienced by 100 (39.4\%) of respondents. Respondents assigned a median score of 8 (range: 2-10) on a 1-10 point scale to their overall confidence in the integrity of published work. On multivariate analysis, researchers in Asia had significantly more confidence in the integrity of published work, with a β coefficient of 0.983 (95\% confidence interval: 0.512 to 1.454, P\<0.001). A subset of 22 respondents raised additional concerns, mainly about authorship criteria and assignments, the generally poor quality of published studies, and perverse incentives of journals and publishers. Conclusion: Scientific fraud, publication bias, and honorary authorship appear to be non-negligible practices in nuclear medicine. Overall confidence in the integrity of published work is high, particularly among researchers in Asia.}, issn = {0161-5505}, URL = {https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/early/2022/09/08/jnumed.122.264679}, eprint = {https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/early/2022/09/08/jnumed.122.264679.full.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Nuclear Medicine} }