TY - JOUR T1 - A critical review of the utility of PET imaging in the diagnosis and management of psychosis JF - Journal of Nuclear Medicine JO - J Nucl Med SP - 2021 LP - 2021 VL - 62 IS - supplement 1 AU - Grant Rigney AU - Cyrus Ayubcha AU - Thomas Werner AU - Mona-Elisabeth Revheim AU - Abass Alavi Y1 - 2021/05/01 UR - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/62/supplement_1/2021.abstract N2 - 2021Objectives: Advances in understanding the etiology of psychosis have expanded our knowledge of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Further, advances in the accuracy and sensitivity of PET imaging techniques have improved the ability to diagnose and manage psychosis. The aim of this study is to provide a critical review of the utility of PET imaging in the diagnosis and management of psychosis. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched to identify studies examining the use of PET imaging for the diagnosis and management of patients experiencing psychosis. Focus was placed on studies that comparatively assess the neuropathological differences of those with and without psychosis. Results: PET imaging has been beneficial in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with first episode psychosis. PET data have been of particular use in identifying patients at higher risk for psychosis via microglial imaging. PET imaging has also been used to diagnose clinical psychosis through examining the density of dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors, to delineate subtypes of psychosis to guide appropriate treatments, and to improve our mechanistic understanding of psychosis through identifying disparate neurochemical changes occurring in patients with psychosis and healthy controls, such as the recent observation that cortical glutamate dysfunction influences subcortical dopamine synthesis and subsequently psychosis. A particularly promising application of PET imaging is its utility in the identification of patients who are more likely to be responsive to dopaminergic treatments, with [18F]FDOPA PET being identified as a leading theragnostic agent. Conclusions: PET imaging has become a useful tool in the diagnosis and management of psychosis. Further work should be done to improve the comparative prognostic value and diagnostic accuracy of different psychiatric diseases. ER -