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OtherBrief Communication
Open Access

PSMA PET validates higher rates of metastatic disease for European Association of Urology Biochemical Recurrence Risk Groups: an international multicenter study

Justin Ferdinandus, Wolfgang Peter Fendler, Andrea Farolfi, Samuel Washington, Osama Mohammad, Miguel Hernandez Pampaloni, Peter J Scott, Melissa Rodnick, Benjamin L Viglianti, Matthias Eiber, Ken Herrmann, Johannes Czernin, Wesley Robert Armstrong, Jeremie Calais, Thomas A. Hope and Morand A. Piert
Journal of Nuclear Medicine October 2021, jnumed.121.262821; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.121.262821
Justin Ferdinandus
1 University Hospital Essen;
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Wolfgang Peter Fendler
2 Essen University Hospital, Germany;
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Andrea Farolfi
3 IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna;
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Samuel Washington
4 Department of Urology, UCSF;
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Osama Mohammad
5 Department of Radiation Oncology, UCSF;
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Miguel Hernandez Pampaloni
6 UCSF School of Medicine;
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Peter J Scott
7 University of Michigan Medical School;
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Melissa Rodnick
8 Department of Radiology, University of Michigan;
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Benjamin L Viglianti
9 University of Michigan;
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Matthias Eiber
10 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University Munich, Germany;
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Ken Herrmann
11 Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen;
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Johannes Czernin
12 UCLA School of Medicine;
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Wesley Robert Armstrong
13 University of California Los Angeles;
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Jeremie Calais
14 UCLA;
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Thomas A. Hope
15 University of California, San Francisco
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Morand A. Piert
9 University of Michigan;
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Abstract

Background: The European Association of Urology (EAU) Prostate Cancer Guidelines Panel recommends risk groups for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (BCR) to identify men at high risk of progression or metastatic disease. Recent United States Food and Drug Administration approval for 68Ga-PSMA-11 and growing availability of PSMA-directed PET imaging (PSMA PET) will impact disease localization in majority of men with BCR. We determined the rates of local and metastatic disease in recurrent and persistent prostate cancer stratified by EAU BCR risk groups and biochemical persistence (BCP). Patients and Methods: Patients with BCR/BCP were enrolled under the same prospective clinical trial protocol conducted at three sites (n = 1777, 91%; UCLA n = 662, NCT02940262; UCSF n = 508, NCT03353740; Michigan, n = 607, NCT03396874); 183 patients with BCP from Universities of Essen, Bologna, and Munich (TUM) were included retrospectively. Patients with BCR had to have sufficient data to determine EAU risk score. Multivariate, binomial logistic regression models were applied to assess independent predictors of M1 disease. Results: A total of 1960 patients were included. Post-RP EAU BCR low risk, EAU BCR high risk, and BCP groups yield distant metastatic (M1) detection in 43/176 (24%), 342/931 (37%), and 154/386 (40%) of patients. For post-RT EAU BCR low risk and EAU BCR high risk groups, M1 detection rate was 113/309 (37%) and 110/158 (70%), respectively. BCP, high risk BCR and higher levels of serum PSA were significantly associated with PSMA PET M1 disease in multivariate regression analysis. PSMA-PET revealed no disease in 25% and locoregional only disease in 33% of patients with post-RP or post-RT EAU BCR high risk. Conclusion: Our findings support the new EAU classification; EAU BCR high-risk groups have higher rates of metastatic disease on PSMA PET than the low-risk groups. Discordant subgroups, including metastatic disease in low risk and no disease in high risk patients warrant inclusion of PSMA PET stage to refine risk assessment.

  • Molecular Imaging
  • Oncology: GU
  • PET
  • PET/CT
  • PET/MRI
  • EAU
  • PSMA
  • prostate cancer
  • prostate specific membrane antigen
  • risk score

Footnotes

  • Immediate Open Access: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY) allows users to share and adapt with attribution, excluding materials credited to previous publications. License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Details: https://jnm.snmjournals.org/page/permissions.

  • Copyright © 2021 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Inc.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 64 (5)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 64, Issue 5
May 1, 2023
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PSMA PET validates higher rates of metastatic disease for European Association of Urology Biochemical Recurrence Risk Groups: an international multicenter study
Justin Ferdinandus, Wolfgang Peter Fendler, Andrea Farolfi, Samuel Washington, Osama Mohammad, Miguel Hernandez Pampaloni, Peter J Scott, Melissa Rodnick, Benjamin L Viglianti, Matthias Eiber, Ken Herrmann, Johannes Czernin, Wesley Robert Armstrong, Jeremie Calais, Thomas A. Hope, Morand A. Piert
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Oct 2021, jnumed.121.262821; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262821

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PSMA PET validates higher rates of metastatic disease for European Association of Urology Biochemical Recurrence Risk Groups: an international multicenter study
Justin Ferdinandus, Wolfgang Peter Fendler, Andrea Farolfi, Samuel Washington, Osama Mohammad, Miguel Hernandez Pampaloni, Peter J Scott, Melissa Rodnick, Benjamin L Viglianti, Matthias Eiber, Ken Herrmann, Johannes Czernin, Wesley Robert Armstrong, Jeremie Calais, Thomas A. Hope, Morand A. Piert
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Oct 2021, jnumed.121.262821; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262821
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Keywords

  • Molecular Imaging
  • Oncology: GU
  • PET
  • PET/CT
  • PET/MRI
  • EAU
  • PSMA
  • prostate cancer
  • prostate specific membrane antigen
  • risk score
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