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OtherBASIC SCIENCE INVESTIGATIONS

Temporal Change in Human Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor After Smoking Cessation: 5IA SPECT Study

Marcelo Mamede, Koichi Ishizu, Masashi Ueda, Takahiro Mukai, Yasuhiko Iida, Hidekazu Kawashima, Hidenao Fukuyama, Kaori Togashi and Hideo Saji
Journal of Nuclear Medicine November 2007, 48 (11) 1829-1835; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.107.043471
Marcelo Mamede
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Koichi Ishizu
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Masashi Ueda
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Takahiro Mukai
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Yasuhiko Iida
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Hidekazu Kawashima
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Hidenao Fukuyama
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Kaori Togashi
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Hideo Saji
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Abstract

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are of great interest because they are implicated in various brain functions. They also are thought to play an important role in nicotine addiction of smokers. Chronic (−)-nicotine, a nAChR agonist, treatment in mice and rats elicits a dose-dependent increase in nAChRs in the brain. Upregulation of nAChRs in postmortem human brains of smokers has also been reported. However, changes in nAChRs after cigarette smoking cessation in humans are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to detect the dynamic changes of nAChRs after smoking and smoking cessation in the brains of living subjects. Methods: We performed 5-123I-iodo-A-85380 (123I-5IA) SPECT on nonsmokers and smokers (n = 16) who had quit smoking for 4 h, 10 d, and 21 d and calculated and compared distribution volumes (Vt) of 123I-5IA. Results: The binding potential of nAChRs (Vt of 123I-5IA) in the brains of smokers decreased by 33.5% ± 10.5% after 4 h of smoking cessation, increased by 25.7% ± 9.2% after 10 d of smoking cessation, and decreased to the level of nonsmokers after 21 d of smoking cessation. Conclusion: Because the upregulation of the nAChRs of the smokers after chronic exposure of the nicotine was downregulated to the nonsmokers' level by around 21 d after smoking cessation, the upregulation is a temporary effect. The decrease in nicotinic receptors to nonsmoker levels may be the breaking point during the nicotine withdrawal period.

  • 123I-5IA
  • SPECT
  • nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
  • human brain
  • smoking withdrawal
  • quantitative measurement

Footnotes

  • COPYRIGHT © 2007 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine, Inc.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 48 (11)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 48, Issue 11
November 2007
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Temporal Change in Human Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor After Smoking Cessation: 5IA SPECT Study
Marcelo Mamede, Koichi Ishizu, Masashi Ueda, Takahiro Mukai, Yasuhiko Iida, Hidekazu Kawashima, Hidenao Fukuyama, Kaori Togashi, Hideo Saji
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Nov 2007, 48 (11) 1829-1835; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.107.043471

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Temporal Change in Human Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor After Smoking Cessation: 5IA SPECT Study
Marcelo Mamede, Koichi Ishizu, Masashi Ueda, Takahiro Mukai, Yasuhiko Iida, Hidekazu Kawashima, Hidenao Fukuyama, Kaori Togashi, Hideo Saji
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Nov 2007, 48 (11) 1829-1835; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.107.043471
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