OtherSpecial Contribution

The Birth of Nuclear Medicine Instrumentation: Blumgart and Yens, 1925

Dennis D. Patton
Journal of Nuclear Medicine August 2003, 44 (8) 1362-1365;

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • FIGURE 1.
    FIGURE 1.

    Wilson cloud chamber. Sudden descent of piston supersaturates chamber, and water droplets condense on any ions present.

  • FIGURE 2.
    FIGURE 2.

    Shimizu modification. Rotating shaft K causes reciprocating motion in piston, providing repeated chamber decompression (1–5 cycles per second) allowing almost continuous observation. A = brass cylinder; B = glass cylinder (chamber itself); C = top glass plate for observation; D = brass retaining ring; E = copper ring with electric lead; F = brass piston; G = piston rod; H = base plate with hole for piston; I = piston-driving rod; J = coupling; K = motor-driven rotating shaft; L = adjustable fulcrum. (Reprinted with permission of (3).)

  • FIGURE 3.
    FIGURE 3.

    Blumgart–Yens modification. A = top glass plate for observation; B = threaded brass collar; C = celluloid cylinder (chamber itself); D = duralumin piston; E = rubber washer; F = brass cylinder; G = leather washer; L = shelf for armrest during experiments; P = eccentric cam; Q = steel bottom plate; R = piston-driving duralumin shaft; S = support and bearing for shaft; T = adjusting screw. (Reprinted from (1).)

  • FIGURE 4.
    FIGURE 4.

    Blumgart’s experimental setup. Injection is given to supine subject. A = cloud chamber detector; B = lead shield with opening for left arm; V = right arm, into which radioactive indicator is injected. (Reprinted from (1).)

  • FIGURE 5.
    FIGURE 5.

    Possible prototype. Soma Weiss, MD (left), and Hermann Blumgart, MD (right), are pictured with apparatus that might be incomplete prototype of Blumgart–Yens detector. Role of Dr. Weiss is not documented. (Reprinted with permission of (4).)

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