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Research ArticleBasic Science Investigations

A Vaccinia Virus Encoding the Human Sodium Iodide Symporter Facilitates Long-Term Image Monitoring of Virotherapy and Targeted Radiotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer

Dana Haddad, Pat B. Zanzonico, Sean Carlin, Chun-Hao Chen, Nanhai G. Chen, Qian Zhang, Yong A. Yu, Valerie Longo, Kelly Mojica, Richard J. Aguilar, Aladar A. Szalay and Yuman Fong
Journal of Nuclear Medicine December 2012, 53 (12) 1933-1942; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.112.105056
Dana Haddad
1Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
2Department of Biochemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
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Pat B. Zanzonico
3Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Sean Carlin
4Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Chun-Hao Chen
1Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Nanhai G. Chen
5Genelux Corp., San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California; and
6Department of Radiation Oncology, Rebecca and John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
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Qian Zhang
5Genelux Corp., San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California; and
6Department of Radiation Oncology, Rebecca and John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
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Yong A. Yu
5Genelux Corp., San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California; and
6Department of Radiation Oncology, Rebecca and John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
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Valerie Longo
3Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Kelly Mojica
1Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Richard J. Aguilar
5Genelux Corp., San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California; and
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Aladar A. Szalay
2Department of Biochemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
5Genelux Corp., San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California; and
6Department of Radiation Oncology, Rebecca and John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
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Yuman Fong
1Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Abstract

To assess therapeutic response and potential toxicity of oncolytic virotherapy, a noninvasive, deep-tissue imaging modality is needed. This study aimed to assess the feasibility, parameters, and determining factors of serial imaging and long-term monitoring of virotherapy and the therapeutic response of pancreatic cancer xenografts treated with a vaccinia virus carrying the human sodium iodide symporter GLV-1h153. Methods: Pancreatic cancer xenografts (PANC-1) in nude mice were treated systemically or intratumorally with GLV-1h153 and serially imaged using 124I PET at 1, 2, 3, and 5 wk after viral injection. Signal intensity was compared with tumor therapeutic response and optical imaging, and tumors were histologically analyzed for morphology and the presence of virus. Autoradiography was performed using technetium-pertechnetate and γ-scintigraphy to assess determining factors for radiouptake in tumors. Finally, the enhanced therapeutic effect of combination therapy with GLV-1h153 and systemic radioiodine was assessed. Results: GLV-1h153 successfully facilitated serial long-term imaging of virotherapy, with PET signal intensity correlating to tumor response. GLV-1h153 colonization of tumors mediated radioiodine uptake at potentially therapeutic doses. Successful radiouptake required the presence of virus, adequate blood flow, and viable tissue, whereas loss of signal intensity was linked to tumor death and necrosis. Finally, combining systemically administered GLV-1h153 and 131I led to enhanced tumor kill when compared with virus or 131I alone (P < 0.01). Conclusion: GLV-1h153 is a promising oncolytic agent for the treatment, long-term imaging, and monitoring of therapeutic response in a xenograft model of pancreatic cancer. GLV-1h153 provided insight into tumor biologic activity and facilitated enhanced tumor kill when combined with systemic targeted radiotherapy. These results warrant further investigation into parameters and potential synergistic effects of combination therapy.

  • oncolytic
  • vaccinia
  • pancreatic cancer
  • positron emission tomography
  • targeted radiotherapy

Footnotes

  • Published online Nov. 8, 2012.

  • © 2012 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Inc.
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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 53 (12)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 53, Issue 12
December 1, 2012
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A Vaccinia Virus Encoding the Human Sodium Iodide Symporter Facilitates Long-Term Image Monitoring of Virotherapy and Targeted Radiotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer
Dana Haddad, Pat B. Zanzonico, Sean Carlin, Chun-Hao Chen, Nanhai G. Chen, Qian Zhang, Yong A. Yu, Valerie Longo, Kelly Mojica, Richard J. Aguilar, Aladar A. Szalay, Yuman Fong
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Dec 2012, 53 (12) 1933-1942; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.105056

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A Vaccinia Virus Encoding the Human Sodium Iodide Symporter Facilitates Long-Term Image Monitoring of Virotherapy and Targeted Radiotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer
Dana Haddad, Pat B. Zanzonico, Sean Carlin, Chun-Hao Chen, Nanhai G. Chen, Qian Zhang, Yong A. Yu, Valerie Longo, Kelly Mojica, Richard J. Aguilar, Aladar A. Szalay, Yuman Fong
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Dec 2012, 53 (12) 1933-1942; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.105056
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Keywords

  • oncolytic
  • vaccinia
  • pancreatic cancer
  • Positron Emission Tomography
  • targeted radiotherapy
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