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First published online September 16, 2009, 10.2967/jnumed.109.064212
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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Vol. 50 No. 10 1709-1714
© 2009 by Society of Nuclear Medicine
doi: 10.2967/jnumed.109.064212

Basic Science Investigation

2-18F-Fluoropropionic Acid as a PET Imaging Agent for Prostate Cancer

NagaVaraKishore Pillarsetty, Blesida Punzalan and Steven M. Larson

Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York

Correspondence: For correspondence or reprints contact: NagaVaraKishore Pillarsetty, 1275 York Ave., Box 394 New York, NY 10065. E-mail: pillarsn{at}mskcc.org

There is a high interest in developing an 18F-labeled PET tracer that can aid in diagnosis and therapy monitoring of prostate cancer. In the current study, we have evaluated the potential of 2-18F-fluoropropionic acid (18F-FPA) as a PET tracer for imaging prostate cancer. Methods: 18F-FPA was synthesized starting from methyl-2-bromopropionate. Small-animal PET studies were performed on mice with CWR22rv1, PC-3, DU-145, and LNCaP prostate xenografts, and comparison of imaging characteristics of 18F-FPA with 18F-FDG uptake is reported. Biodistribution studies with 18F-FPA were performed on mice with CWR22rv1 xenografts and compared with 14C-acetate. Results: 18F-FPA was synthesized in 44% overall radiochemical yield (decay-corrected). Small-animal PET studies revealed that 18F-FPA can delineate both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate xenografts with high tumor-to-background ratios. Comparative imaging studies demonstrate the superior performance of 18F-FPA over 18F-FDG for imaging prostate cancer, with excellent tumor-to-background contrast. Biodistribution studies show that tumor uptake of the tracer was 5.52 ± 0.35, 5.53 ± 0.42, 5.74 ± 0.54, and 5.34 ± 0.19 percentage injected dose (%ID) per gram at 1, 2, 3, and 4 h, respectively, after injection. The %ID/g values for 18F-FPA and 14C-acetate 1 h after tail vein injection were 7.08 ± 0.80 and 0.36 ± 0.08 in tumor, and the corresponding tumor-to-muscle ratios were 1.94 and 2.06, respectively. Conclusion: The data presented here indicate that 18F-FPA accumulates in prostate cancers with high tumor-to-background ratios. 18F-FPA has potential for use in the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer in humans.

Key Words: prostate cancer • PET • 11C-acetate • 2-18F-fluoropropionic acid • CWR22rv1

COPYRIGHT © 2009 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine, Inc.


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