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Usefulness of ¹¹C-Methionine for Differentiating Tumors from Granulomas in Experimental Rat Models: A Comparison with ¹⁸F-FDG and ¹⁸F-FLT

¹ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; ² Department of Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; ³ Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; ⁴ Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; ⁵ Department of Pathology, Hokkaido Gastroenterology Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; and ⁶ Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

View larger version (18K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 1.  Experimental protocols of this study. LSC = liquid scintillation counter.

View larger version (138K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 2.  Microscopy images (x400) of hematoxylin-and-eosin staining (granuloma [A], tumor [C], and turpentine-induced inflammation [D]) and immunostaining for Ia antigen (granuloma [B]). (A) Intramuscular granuloma induced by BCG shows mature epithelioid cell granuloma formation and massive lymphocyte infiltration around granuloma. (B) Immunostaining for Ia antigen shows infiltrations of Ia-positive epithelioid cells and macrophages in granuloma and Ia-positive lymphocytes in periphery of granuloma. In A and B, arrowhead indicates epithelioid cell granuloma; white arrow, lymphocyte infiltration; and black arrow, macrophage infiltration. (C) Massive viable and proliferating cancer cells in tumor tissue. Black arrow indicates viable cancer cell; white arrow, proliferating cancer cell (mitotic division). (D) Massive neutrophil infiltration and ambient connective tissue formation were observed around site of turpentine oil injection. White arrow indicates neutrophil infiltration; black arrow, connective tissue.

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIGURE 3.  18F-FDG, 3H-FLT, and 14C-methionine uptake in tumor, granuloma, and turpentine oil–induced inflammation. (A) Group I: 18F-FDG and 3H-FLT uptake in tumor and granuloma. (B) Group II: 18F-FDG and 14C-methionine uptake in tumor and granuloma. (C) Group III: 18F-FDG and 3H-FLT uptake in tumor and turpentine oil–induced inflammation. (D) Group IV: 18F-FDG and 14C-methionine uptake in turpentine oil–induced inflammation. Values are mean ± SD. NS = not statistically significant.