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Metabolite Considerations in the In Vivo Quantification of Serotonin Transporters Using 11C-DASB and PET in Humans

Ramin V. Parsey1,2, Ashish Ojha2, R. Todd Ogden3, Kjell Erlandsson1,4, Dileep Kumar2, Marguerite Landgrebe2, Ronald Van Heertum2,4 and J. John Mann1,4

1 Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; 2 Department of Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York; 3 Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, New York; and 4 Department of Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York


Figure 1
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FIGURE 1.  (A) Average unmetabolized 11C-DASB fraction vs. time for baseline studies. Unlike other ligands, fraction is lower at first time point (2 min) than at second time point (12 min). (B) This lower fraction is caused by lower level of unmetabolized parent compound at 2 min than at 12 min (solid lines) in all but 5 studies (dashed lines).

 

Figure 2
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FIGURE 2.  Time–activity curves for amygdala using ND – 1 (A) and power-function–damped (B) metabolite fits. Time–activity curve fitting using ND – 1metabolite curve fitting is clearly inadequate for early time points. Data are truncated at 60 min; full datasets are shown in insets.

 

Figure 3
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FIGURE 3.  Unmetabolized 11C-DASB fraction vs. time data (circles) fit with ND (A), ND with first metabolite point removed (B), and power-function–damped (C) metabolite fits (lines) for study. ND is clearly inadequate for fitting and will not be used in subsequent analyses.

 

Figure 4
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FIGURE 4.  Graph of weighted residuals vs. time for each metabolite fit, jittered on time axis. Metabolite data were fit with ND – 1 (A) and power-function–damped (B) models.

 

Figure 5
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FIGURE 5.  Comparison of VT values with power-function–damped (PFD) metabolite fit against those determined with ND – 1 using 1-tissue-compartment model (A) and likelihood estimation in graphical approach (B). All regions of interest for all studies are plotted. Line is identity. An outlier is excluded from both graphs.

 

Figure 6
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FIGURE 6.  Plots of unmetabolized 11C-DASB vs. time for same subjects on baseline scan days (A) and occupancy scan days (B). Subjects had plasma sertraline level ≥ 13 ng/mL on day of occupancy study. On baseline days, most subjects had lower unmetabolized 11C-DASB at 2 min than at 12 min. After subjects received saturating doses of sertraline, pattern was reversed. Subjects are identified with unique markers.

 





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