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Radiobiologic Principles in Radionuclide Therapy

Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 1. Number of radioactive atoms needed to assure traversal of cell nucleus by a single energetic particle as function of distance from nuclear membrane. Nuclear-to-cell radius (percentage) plotted as function of number of decays in cell membrane.

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 2. Rate of energy loss of electrons as function of traversed distance.

View larger version (109K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 3. Local density of ionizations (*) produced along track (_) of energetic ß-particles, Auger electrons, and -particles.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 4. Survival of mammalian cells after high- or low-LET irradiation.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 5. Bystander effect observed in vivo in mouse adenocarcinoma model. Human colon LS174T adenocarcinoma cells were prelabeled with lethal doses of DNA-incorporated 125I-UdR, mixed with unlabeled cells at ratios indicated, and injected subcutaneously in mice. Bystander effect is indicated by percentage growth inhibition in vivo of unlabeled cells.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 6. (A) Schematic representation of mammalian-cell survival curves after uniform irradiation with - and ß-particles (solid lines) and departure from exponential decrease when radionuclides are not uniformly distributed (broken lines) (10). (B) Survival of mammalian cells exposed in suspension to 211At-astatide or 211At-UdR (only 50% of cells labeled) (2,14).

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 7. Therapeutic impact of nonuniform tumor-dose distribution. Surviving fraction plotted as function of nonuniformity for differing mean absorbed doses (11).

View larger version (40K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 8. Percentage change in median survival of ovarian-cancer-bearing mice treated with - or ß-particle-emitting radiocolloids (16).

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 9. Induction of hind leg paralysis in rats by intrathecally growing human tumor cells after saline or methorexate–125I-UdR treatment.