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PET/CT Using 18F-FDG in Suspected Lung Cancer Recurrence: Diagnostic Value and Impact on Patient Management

Zohar Keidar, MD, PhD1,2, Nissim Haim, MD2,3, Luda Guralnik, MD4, Mirjana Wollner, MD3, Rachel Bar-Shalom, MD1, Alon Ben-Nun, MD, PhD5 and Ora Israel, MD1,2

1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
2 School of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
3 Department of Oncology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
4 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
5 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel



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FIGURE 1. PET/CT-based exclusion of suspected recurrent disease in site of increased 18F-FDG uptake localized to postoperative inflammatory changes. A 57-y-old man with a history of NSCLC showed equivocal CT findings in the area of right upper bronchus stump. (A) 18F-FDG PET coronal images show area of increased 18F-FDG uptake in upper aspect of right hilum (arrow). PET/CT (B, center) precisely localizes abnormal 18F-FDG uptake (B, left) to postoperative pleural thickening (arrows) adjacent to left atrium evident on CT (B, right). No 18F-FDG uptake was seen in area of equivocal CT findings in right upper bronchus stump. No further diagnostic procedures were performed. Patient had no evidence of disease for a clinical follow-up of 27 mo.

 


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FIGURE 2. Precise PET/CT localization of equivocal 18F-FDG uptake and diagnosis of previously unknown bone metastasis. A 78-y-old woman with a history of bronchoalveolar NSCLC was evaluated for increasing serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels and negative whole-body, high-resolution, contrast-enhanced CT performed 2 mo earlier. (A) 18F-FDG PET coronal images show focal areas of increased 18F-FDG uptake in pelvis (arrows). PET/CT (B, center) precisely localizes area of increased 18F-FDG uptake (B, right) in right pelvis to physiologic bowel activity and lesion in left pelvis to left iliac bone (arrows). A mixed, lytic, and sclerotic lesion is demonstrated on corresponding slice of CT component evaluated with bone window (B, right, arrow). Retrospective evaluation of previous CT study demonstrated this previously missed bone lesion. Local-field radiotherapy was instituted based on PET/CT diagnosis of single bone metastasis.

 





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