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Insulin Stimulates Liver Glucose Uptake in Humans: An 18F-FDG PET Study

Patricia Iozzo, MD1,2, Fabian Geisler, MD1,3, Vesa Oikonen, MSc1, Maija Mäki, MD1, Teemu Takala, MD1, Olof Solin, PhD1, Ele Ferrannini, MD2,4, Juhani Knuuti, MD1 and Pirjo Nuutila, MD1

1 Turku PET Centre, Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
2 PET Centre, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR (National Research Council), Pisa, Italy
3 Department of Internal Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
4 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy



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  		FIGURE 1. (Top) Transaxial images at level of heart (A) and liver (B) show image quality and ROIs. (Bottom) Time–activity curves were derived from ROIs placed inside left ventricular chamber (A) and right lobe of liver (B).

 


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  		FIGURE 2. Single-patient insulin-stimulated hepatic influx rate constant (H-Ki) changes ({triangledown}) in subjects who underwent repeated study (low IS) show consistent upward shift in all subjects and significant 98% ± 74% average increase ({blacksquare} P < 0.01, Student paired t test).

 


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  		FIGURE 3. Net HGU as measured by graphical analysis in each study population. *P < 0.05 vs. fasting. §P = 0.1 vs. fasting.

 


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  		FIGURE 4. Correlation between whole-body glucose uptake during clamp (M value) and hepatic glucose phosphorylation/dephosphorylation ratios.

 


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  		FIGURE 5. Graph shows nonlinear least squares fit for 3-compartment model and corresponding measured data. Table gives numeric values for the example shown.

 


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  		FIGURE 6. Linear least squares fit for Patlak plot and corresponding measured data during fasting (A) and clamp (B) in 1 study subject.

 


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  		FIGURE 7. Correlations between 3-compartment model and graphical analysis influx rate constants during fasting (A) and clamp (B) in whole study group.

 




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