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Sodium Iodide Symporter: Its Role in Nuclear Medicine^*

¹ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

View larger version (44K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 1. Schematic illustration of NIS. NIS cotransports 2 sodium ions and 1 iodide ion. Sodium gradient provides energy for this transfer, as generated by Na+/K--adenosine triphosphatase.

View larger version (111K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 2. Immunohistochemical staining and 131I whole-body scan findings of patient with papillary carcinoma. (A and B) In immunohistochemical staining (x200), cancer cells are immunostained for NIS (arrows). (C) Whole-body scan obtained 5 d after ingestion of 1.11 GBq 131I shows functional metastatic lesions (arrowhead) in right cervical lymph nodes. (D) Six months after second radioiodine therapy (total administered dose, 11.1 GBq), radioactivity in right neck had completely disappeared. (Reprinted with permission of (37).)

View larger version (100K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 3. Immunohistochemical staining and 131I whole-body scan findings of patient with papillary carcinoma. (A and B) In immunohistochemical staining for NIS (x200), NIS protein was not detected in paraffin block sections of either primary tumor (A) or lymph node (B). (C) Whole-body scan obtained 5 d after ingestion of 1.11 GBq 131I shows no metastatic site; remnant thyroid activity is also shown (arrow). (D) 18F-FDG PET scan obtained 3 wk later shows abnormally increased 18F-FDG uptake on right side of neck and in mediastinum (arrowheads). (Reprinted with permission of (37).)

View larger version (69K): [in a new window]   FIGURE 4. Whole-body photographic image (A) and scintigraphic image (B) of tumor-bearing nude mouse with subcutaneously transplanted wild-type human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells (ARO) (solid arrow) and rNIS-expressing cells (ARO-N) (open arrow) 30 min after injection of 131I.