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C¹⁴ Glucose Kinetic Studies in Normal, Diabetic, and Acromegalic Subjects¹

Berkeley, California

ABSTRACT

The result obtained by using the single injection tracer method of Baker et al., as modified by Tolbert et al, for the study of glucose kinetics in humans are presented for normal subjects, diabetic patients, and acromegalic patients. The latter two categories contain individuals who had studies performed pre and/or post heavy-particle irradiation to the pituitary gland. The results indicate similar deviations from normal for both the diabetic and the acromegalic patients. These deviations are more marked in diabetes mellitus than in uncomplicated acromegaly and consist of prolongation of the radiobiological half-life of glucose C¹⁴, diminution of the fractional turnover rate of glucose, enlargement of the glucose pool size, and lowering of the oxidation rate of glucose to CO₂.

The deviations in acromegaly can be reversed by heavy particle pituitary irradiation. However, the effect of pituitary irradiation on the C¹⁴ glucose kinetic pattern of adult diabetic subjects seems to be an elevation in glucose turnover without significant improvement in the diabetic state. Further studies are required on irradiated diabetic and acromegalic subjects before more definite statements can be made.

The rise in glucose turnover which accompanies the rise in blood glucose appears to be limited, a decline in turnover being observed for blood glucose values above 370 mg/100 ml.

Further support for the model of Baker et al was obtained through the agreement of the theoretically predicted t_max and the actually observed t_max for the CO₂ specific activity curves.

FOOTNOTES

¹ Donner Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley.